Section of Experimental Animal Models, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ridebanevej 9, Frederiksberg C 1870, Denmark.
Nutrients. 2013 Jul 25;5(8):2860-79. doi: 10.3390/nu5082860.
Large cross-sectional population studies confirm that vitamin C deficiency is common in humans, affecting 5%-10% of adults in the industrialized world. Moreover, significant associations between poor vitamin C status and increased morbidity and mortality have consistently been observed. However, the absorption, distribution and elimination kinetics of vitamin C in vivo are highly complex, due to dose-dependent non-linearity, and the specific regulatory mechanisms are not fully understood. Particularly, little is known about how adaptive mechanisms during states of deficiency affect the overall regulation of vitamin C transport in the body. This review discusses mechanisms of vitamin C transport and potential means of regulation with special emphasis on capacity and functional properties, such as differences in the K(m) of vitamin C transporters in different target tissues, in some instances demonstrating a tissue-specific distribution.
大量的横断面人群研究证实，维生素 C 缺乏在人类中很常见，影响了工业化世界 5%-10%的成年人。此外，人们一直观察到维生素 C 状态不佳与发病率和死亡率增加之间存在显著关联。然而，由于剂量依赖性的非线性，维生素 C 在体内的吸收、分布和消除动力学非常复杂，具体的调节机制尚未完全了解。特别是，对于在缺乏状态下适应性机制如何影响身体对维生素 C 运输的整体调节，人们知之甚少。这篇综述讨论了维生素 C 运输的机制和潜在的调节方法，特别强调了容量和功能特性，例如不同靶组织中维生素 C 转运体的 K(m)的差异，在某些情况下表现出组织特异性分布。
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