Goldenberg H, Schweinzer E
Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Vienna Austria.
J Bioenerg Biomembr. 1994 Aug;26(4):359-67. doi: 10.1007/BF00762776.
The transport systems of animal and human tissues for vitamin C are reviewed with respect to their properties. It emerges that pure diffusion plays only a very minor role while a variety of more or less specific transporters is found on cellular membranes. Although most tissues prefer the reduced ascorbate over the oxidized dehydroascorbic acid and have high-affinity transporters for it, there are several examples for the reversed situation. Special attention is given to similarity or identity with glucose transporters, especially the GLUT-1 and the sodium-dependent intestinal and renal transporters, and to the very widespread dependence of ascorbate transport on sodium ions. The significance of ascorbate transport for vitamin C-requiring and nonrequiring species as well as alterations in states of disease can be seen from ample experimental evidence.
本文就动物和人体组织中维生素C的转运系统的特性进行了综述。结果表明，单纯扩散仅起非常次要的作用，而在细胞膜上发现了各种或多或少具有特异性的转运蛋白。尽管大多数组织更喜欢还原型抗坏血酸而非氧化型脱氢抗坏血酸，并且有高亲和力的转运蛋白来转运它，但也有一些相反情况的例子。特别关注了与葡萄糖转运蛋白，尤其是GLUT-1以及钠依赖性肠道和肾脏转运蛋白的相似性或同一性，以及抗坏血酸转运对钠离子的广泛依赖性。从大量实验证据中可以看出抗坏血酸转运对于需要和不需要维生素C的物种以及疾病状态改变的意义。
