Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University of Greifswald, Institute of Microbiology, Greifswald, Germany.
Proteomics. 2013 Oct;13(18-19):2895-909. doi: 10.1002/pmic.201300095.
Soil- and litter-borne microorganisms vitally contribute to biogeochemical cycles. However, changes in environmental parameters but also human interferences may alter species composition and elicit alterations in microbial activities. Soil and litter metaproteomics, implying the assignment of soil and litter proteins to specific phylogenetic and functional groups, has a great potential to provide essential new insights into the impact of microbial diversity on soil ecosystem functioning. This article will illuminate challenges and perspectives of current soil and litter metaproteomics research, starting with an introduction to an appropriate experimental design and state-of-the-art proteomics methodologies. This will be followed by a summary of important studies aimed at (i) the discovery of the major biotic drivers of leaf litter decomposition, (ii) metaproteomics analyses of rhizosphere-inhabiting microbes, and (iii) global approaches to study bioremediation processes. The review will be closed by a brief outlook on future developments and some concluding remarks, which should assist the reader to develop successful concepts for soil and litter metaproteomics studies.
土壤和凋落物传播的微生物对生物地球化学循环至关重要。然而，环境参数的变化以及人为干扰可能会改变物种组成，并引起微生物活性的改变。土壤和凋落物宏蛋白质组学，意味着将土壤和凋落物中的蛋白质分配到特定的系统发育和功能群，具有提供微生物多样性对土壤生态系统功能影响的重要新见解的巨大潜力。本文将从适当的实验设计和最先进的蛋白质组学方法开始，阐明当前土壤和凋落物宏蛋白质组学研究的挑战和前景。然后，将总结一些重要的研究，旨在（i）发现叶片凋落物分解的主要生物驱动因素，（ii）根际微生物的宏蛋白质组学分析，以及（iii）研究生物修复过程的全局方法。本文将通过对未来发展的简要展望和一些结论性意见结束，这应该有助于读者为土壤和凋落物宏蛋白质组学研究制定成功的概念。
