Morrow Hope E, Haussmann Robert
Northcentral University, USA.
Int J Emerg Ment Health. 2012;14(3):163-73.
On the basis of terror management theory (TMT) and cognitive-experiential self-theory (CEST), research has demonstrated that when individuals are experientially (rather than rationally)focused, mortality salience (MS) can engender world view defense in the form of increased in-group bias, increased favoritism toward others who uphold cultural values, and greater derogation of those who threaten them. The goal of the present study was to replicate previously observed effects of mortality salience on world view defense in a sample of disaster responders, specifically Criticallncident Stress Management (CISM) providers, and to examine the potential moderating effect of conceptual mode (rational versus experiential) on these effects. Sixty-two participants at the International Critical Incident Stress Foundation's 2011 World Congress were selected for participation in the study. Subsequent manipulation checks revealed that neither,manipulation (mortality salience: MS versus non-MS or conceptual mode: rational versus experiential) was effective. This failure is discussed in terms of the potentially mortality salient nature of conference proceedings that preceded data collection, the depletion of self-control resources required to maintain a rational focus on conference presentations, participants 'need to maintain their focus during future conference presentations, and profession-related practice effects that may have made it easier for some participants to maintain a rational focus.
基于恐惧管理理论（TMT）和认知体验自我理论（CEST），研究表明，当个体从体验层面（而非理性层面）进行思考时，死亡凸显（MS）会引发世界观防御，具体表现为内群体偏见增加、对秉持文化价值观者的偏袒增加，以及对威胁自身者的贬损加剧。本研究的目的是在灾难应对者样本（具体为重大事件应激管理[CISM]提供者）中复制先前观察到的死亡凸显对世界观防御的影响，并检验概念模式（理性与体验）对这些影响的潜在调节作用。国际重大事件应激基金会2011年世界大会的62名参与者被选入本研究。后续的操纵检验表明，两种操纵（死亡凸显：MS与非MS，或概念模式：理性与体验）均无效。针对这一失败，我们从数据收集之前会议议程可能具有的死亡凸显性质、在会议演讲中保持理性关注所需的自我控制资源的消耗、参与者在未来会议演讲中保持专注的需求，以及可能使一些参与者更容易保持理性关注的职业相关实践效应等方面进行了讨论。
