Department of Neurology, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 South 1st Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA.
Neurol Clin. 2013 Aug;31(3):765-83. doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2013.03.013. Epub 2013 May 17.
Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare form of stroke found most often in young women of reproductive age, often associated with oral contraceptive use, genetic or acquired thrombophilia, pregnancy, dehydration, or infection. CVT should be considered in any young patient who presents with an unexplained headache in combination with known hypercoagulable state, focal neurologic deficits, seizure, lobar hemorrhage, or bilateral thalamic or basal ganglionic edema. Acute treatment is with unfractionated heparin or low-molecular-weight heparin. It is important to provide supportive treatment. Outcomes are good compared with other types of stroke. Pediatric patients, excluding neonates, have similar presentation, treatment, and outcomes as adults.
脑静脉血栓形成（CVT）是一种罕见的卒中类型，最常发生于生育年龄的年轻女性，常与口服避孕药使用、遗传性或获得性血栓形成倾向、妊娠、脱水或感染相关。对于任何年轻患者，若出现不明原因的头痛并伴有已知的高凝状态、局灶性神经功能缺损、癫痫、脑叶出血或双侧丘脑或基底节水肿，均应考虑 CVT。急性治疗采用普通肝素或低分子肝素。提供支持性治疗非常重要。与其他类型的卒中相比，CVT 的预后较好。儿科患者（不包括新生儿）的表现、治疗和结局与成人相似。
