1College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, REPUBLIC OF KOREA; and 2Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, REPUBLIC OF KOREA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2014 Mar;46(3):513-9. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182a6834a.
This study examined the relations of serum vitamin D levels to body fatness, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and metabolic risk factors in young adults in Korea.
Between 2007 and 2009, 799 young men completed a health examination. Body fatness, CRF based on a maximal treadmill exercise test, and measurements of metabolic risk factors were measured in study participants. Participants were classified by serum vitamin D levels as deficient (<12.5 ng·mL), insufficient (≥12.5 to <20 ng·mL), and sufficient (>20 ng·mL) and by CRF as unfit (lowest 20%) and fit (remaining 80%) based on age-standardized distribution of V˙O2max values in this study population. Body fatness, CRF, and metabolic risk factors were evaluated according to serum vitamin D classification. A clustered metabolic risk score was computed by summing standardized scores for waist circumference, resting blood pressures, triacylglycerols, the inverse of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, and insulin.
Linear decreases in body fatness and metabolic risk factors were observed, as was a linear increase for CRF across incremental vitamin D categories. A linear decrease was found in the clustered metabolic risk score across incremental vitamin D categories. Compared to the fit group (reference), the unfit group had significantly higher risks for serum vitamin D inadequacy before and after adjusting for age, smoking, and body fatness parameters.
The findings of the study suggest that increasing vitamin D intake, eating a healthy diet, and getting enough outdoor physical activity should be promoted as nonpharmacologic means to improve CRF and prevent a clustering of metabolic risk factors in young adults.
本研究旨在探讨血清维生素 D 水平与韩国年轻成年人体脂、心肺功能适应性（CRF）和代谢危险因素之间的关系。
2007 年至 2009 年期间，799 名年轻男性完成了健康检查。研究参与者的体脂、基于最大跑步机运动测试的 CRF 以及代谢危险因素的测量值。根据血清维生素 D 水平，参与者被分为缺乏（<12.5ng·mL）、不足（≥12.5 至<20ng·mL）和充足（>20ng·mL），并根据本研究人群中 V˙O2max 值的年龄标准化分布，将 CRF 分为不适应（最低 20%）和适应（剩余 80%）。根据血清维生素 D 分类评估体脂、CRF 和代谢危险因素。通过将腰围、静息血压、三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的倒数、血糖和胰岛素的标准化评分相加，计算出代谢风险的综合评分。
随着血清维生素 D 分类的增加，观察到体脂和代谢危险因素呈线性下降，而 CRF 则呈线性增加。随着血清维生素 D 分类的增加，代谢风险的综合评分呈线性下降。与适应组（参照组）相比，不适应组在调整年龄、吸烟和体脂参数后，血清维生素 D 不足的风险显著增加。
研究结果表明，应提倡增加维生素 D 摄入、健康饮食和进行足够的户外活动等非药物手段，以提高 CRF 并预防年轻成年人代谢危险因素的聚集。
