Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.
Br J Dev Psychol. 2013 Sep;31(Pt 3):334-48. doi: 10.1111/bjdp.12011. Epub 2013 Mar 27.
Past studies found that, for preschoolers, a story specifying a situational cause and behavioural consequence is a better cue to fear and disgust than is the facial expression of those two emotions, but the facial expressions used were static. Two studies (Study 1: N = 68, 36-68 months; Study 2: N = 72, 49-90 months) tested whether this effect could be reversed when the expressions were dynamic and included facial, postural, and vocal cues. Children freely labelled emotions in three conditions: story, still face, and dynamic expression. Story remained a better cue than still face or dynamic expression for fear and disgust and also for the later emerging emotions of embarrassment and pride.
过去的研究发现，对于学龄前儿童来说，一个具体说明情境原因和行为后果的故事是恐惧和厌恶的更好提示，而不是这两种情绪的面部表情，但使用的面部表情是静态的。两项研究（研究 1：N=68，36-68 个月；研究 2：N=72，49-90 个月）测试了当表情是动态的，并包含面部、姿势和声音提示时，这种效果是否可以逆转。孩子们在三种情况下自由地表达情绪：故事、静止的脸和动态的表情。对于恐惧和厌恶，以及后来出现的尴尬和自豪等情绪，故事仍然是比静止的脸或动态的表情更好的提示。
