Department of Health Policy & Management, Center for Public Health Practice, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA.
J Public Health Manag Pract. 2013 Sep-Oct;19 Suppl 2:S49-54. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0b013e318296214c.
Local health departments are organized, resourced, and operated primarily for routine public health services. For them, responding to emergencies and disasters requires adaptation to meet the demands of an emergency, and they must reallocate or augment resources, adjust work schedules, and, depending on severity and duration of the event, even compromise routine service outputs. These adaptations occur to varying degrees regardless of the type of emergency or disaster. The Adaptive Response Metric was developed through collaboration between a number of California health departments and university-based preparedness researchers. It measures the degree of "stress" from an emergency response as experienced by local health departments at the level of functional units (eg, nursing, administration, environmental services). Pilot testing of the Adaptive Response Metric indicates its utility for emergency planning, real-time decision making, and after-action analytics.
地方卫生部门主要是为常规公共卫生服务而组织、配备资源和运作的。对于他们来说，应对紧急情况和灾害需要适应紧急情况的需求，并重新分配或增加资源，调整工作时间表，并且根据事件的严重程度和持续时间，甚至可能会牺牲常规服务产出。无论紧急情况或灾害的类型如何，这些适应都会在不同程度上发生。适应性反应度量标准是通过加利福尼亚州的一些卫生部门和基于大学的备灾研究人员之间的合作制定的。它通过功能单元（例如护理、管理、环境服务）来衡量地方卫生部门在应急响应中所经历的“压力”程度。适应性反应度量标准的试点测试表明，它可用于应急规划、实时决策和事后分析。
