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**译文**:《COVID-19 应对措施对美国提供其他公共卫生服务的影响:一项横断面研究》。

The impact of the COVID-19 response on the provision of other public health services in the U.S.: A cross sectional study.

机构信息

Department of Public Health, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America.

Department of Health and Human Performance, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, United States of America.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2021 Oct 14;16(10):e0255844. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255844. eCollection 2021.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Funding and staff formerly dedicated to routine public health tasks (e.g., responding to communicable and non-communicable diseases, investigating foodborne outbreaks, conducting routine surveillance) and services (e.g., environmental health, substance abuse, maternal-child health) may no longer be available in many public health departments due to the COVID-19 response. The objective of this study was to assess the extent to which staffing for essential public health services has been redirected to the COVID-19 response.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This is a cross-sectional study using a survey distributed through the Qualtrics platform. Individuals (N = 298) working in public health across governmental and academic public health departments in the U.S. during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic response were surveyed. Survey items measured multiple domains including professional experience (i.e., training, years of experience, content expertise, job functions, hours worked), mental and physical health status (i.e., generalized anxiety, depression, burnout), and career plans (i.e., pre-pandemic vs. current career plans).

RESULTS

The total number of content expertise areas and programmatic functions covered by individual public health workers increased between January and September of 2020, with 26% (73 of 282) of respondents reporting an increase in both. The total number of respondents working in infectious disease and preparedness remained constant, while declines were reported in program evaluation (-36%) and health education (-27%) and increases were reported in disease investigation (+35%).

CONCLUSIONS

The provision of many essential public health functions and tasks have been limited or eliminated while the U.S. public health workforce responds to the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings highlight opportunities for funding and professional development of public health systems, both during and after the COVID-19 response, to help ensure the continuity of essential public health services, staffing sustainability, and preparedness for future public health emergencies in the U.S.

摘要

简介

由于对 COVID-19 的应对,许多公共卫生部门可能不再有资金和人员专门用于常规公共卫生任务(例如,应对传染病和非传染性疾病、调查食源性疾病暴发、进行常规监测)和服务(例如,环境卫生、药物滥用、母婴健康)。本研究的目的是评估将基本公共卫生服务人员重新分配到 COVID-19 应对工作中的程度。

材料与方法

这是一项使用通过 Qualtrics 平台分发的调查进行的横断面研究。在当前 COVID-19 大流行应对期间,对美国政府和学术公共卫生部门从事公共卫生工作的个人(N=298)进行了调查。调查项目衡量了多个领域,包括专业经验(即培训、工作年限、专业知识、工作职能、工作时间)、心理健康和身体健康状况(即普遍焦虑、抑郁、倦怠)以及职业规划(即大流行前与当前职业规划)。

结果

个体公共卫生工作者所涵盖的专业知识领域和计划职能总数在 2020 年 1 月至 9 月之间有所增加,其中 26%(73/282)的受访者报告这两个方面都有所增加。从事传染病和备灾工作的总人数保持不变,而在方案评估(-36%)和健康教育(-27%)方面的工作有所减少,在疾病调查(+35%)方面的工作有所增加。

结论

在美国公共卫生劳动力应对 COVID-19 大流行期间,许多基本公共卫生功能和任务的提供受到限制或取消。这些发现为公共卫生系统的资金和专业发展提供了机会,无论是在 COVID-19 应对期间还是之后,都有助于确保基本公共卫生服务的连续性、人员配备的可持续性以及为美国未来的公共卫生紧急情况做好准备。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8f1e/8516286/14d08dd5d763/pone.0255844.g001.jpg

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