Sundell G, Milsom I, Andersch B
Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Göteborg, East Hospital, Sweden.
Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1990 Jul;97(7):588-94. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1990.tb02545.x.
Factors influencing the prevalence and severity of dysmenorrhoea were assessed longitudinally in a representative sample of young women born in 1962. The prevalence of dysmenorrhoea was lower (P less than 0.01) at 24 years of age than at 19 years of age. At 24 years of age, 67% of the women still experienced dysmenorrhoea; 10% reported dysmenorrhoea which limited daily activity. The severity of dysmenorrhoea (linear analogue scale) was lower (P less than 0.001) at 24 years of age (3.4, SD 2.8) than at 19 years (4.1, SD 3.2). The prevalence and severity of dysmenorrhoea were reduced (P less than 0.05) in women who were parous in 1986 and nulliparous in 1981, but was unchanged in women who were still nulliparous or women who had had a miscarriage or abortion. Dysmenorrhoea was reduced (P less than 0.001) in oral contraceptive users. The severity of dysmenorrhoea was significantly associated with the duration of menstrual flow, menarcheal age and cigarette smoking. The severity of dysmenorrhoea was not associated with age as an isolated factor, nor with height, weight, length of menstrual cycle or frequency of physical exercise.
对1962年出生的年轻女性代表性样本进行纵向评估，以确定影响痛经患病率及严重程度的因素。痛经患病率在24岁时低于19岁（P<0.01）。24岁时，67%的女性仍有痛经；10%的女性报告痛经限制了日常活动。痛经严重程度（线性模拟量表）在24岁时（3.4，标准差2.8）低于19岁时（4.1，标准差3.2）（P<0.001）。1986年已生育且1981年未生育的女性痛经患病率和严重程度降低（P<0.05），但仍未生育的女性、流产或堕胎的女性痛经情况未变。口服避孕药使用者痛经减轻（P<0.001）。痛经严重程度与月经持续时间、初潮年龄及吸烟显著相关。痛经严重程度与单独的年龄因素无关，也与身高、体重、月经周期长度或体育锻炼频率无关。
