Coelho A, Parra J R P
Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, ESALQ, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Environ Entomol. 2013 Aug;42(4):799-804. doi: 10.1603/EN12106.
Eggs of Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller) are widely used in mass rearing of parasitoids, especially Trichogramma spp. and predators in many biological-control programs. The objective of this study was to improve the efficiency of mass rearing of A. kuehniella through determining the optimal temperature conditions for rearing, by assessing the effect of temperature during the developmental stages on the reproduction of A. kuehniella. We evaluated 1) the effect of temperature at which A. kuehniella was kept from egg to adult death, on reproduction; 2) the effect of temperature during the larval and pupal stages on oviposition; and 3) the effect of different temperatures on adults that originated from larvae kept in a constant temperature of 25°C. The results indicated that the optimal temperature range for the development of A. kuehniella is between 20-30°C, as at 30°C there was a marked decrease in viability of the egg and larval stages. The best temperature for maintaining A. kuehniella from egg to adult death is 25°C. Temperatures of 30 and 32°C lead to deformations in genitalia of males, reducing the viability of eggs, and also eggs and females from these temperatures have lower weights. The rearing temperature of immatures affects the egg-laying capacity of adults and the egg viability. The oviposition capacity of adults kept in different temperatures ranging from 18 to 32°C, after being reared in constant temperature (25°C) during the larval stages, was not affected.
地中海粉螟（Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller)）的卵在许多生物防治项目中被广泛用于大量饲养寄生蜂，尤其是赤眼蜂属（Trichogramma spp.）以及捕食性天敌。本研究的目的是通过确定饲养的最佳温度条件，评估发育阶段的温度对地中海粉螟繁殖的影响，从而提高地中海粉螟的大量饲养效率。我们评估了：1）从卵到成虫死亡期间地中海粉螟所处温度对繁殖的影响；2）幼虫和蛹期温度对产卵的影响；3）不同温度对源自饲养于25°C恒温环境下幼虫的成虫的影响。结果表明，地中海粉螟发育的最佳温度范围在20 - 30°C之间，因为在30°C时，卵和幼虫阶段的活力显著下降。从卵到成虫死亡期间饲养地中海粉螟的最佳温度是25°C。30°C和32°C的温度会导致雄性生殖器畸形，降低卵的活力，而且来自这些温度环境的卵和雌虫体重更低。未成熟阶段的饲养温度会影响成虫的产卵能力和卵的活力。幼虫阶段饲养于25°C恒温环境下后，处于18至32°C不同温度环境中的成虫的产卵能力未受影响。
