a The Ergonomics Lab, Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering, West Virginia University , P.O. Box 6070, Morgantown , WV 26506 , USA.
Ergonomics. 2013;56(10):1569-76. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2013.822568. Epub 2013 Aug 1.
Sudden unexpected loading has been identified as a risk factor of work-related low back pain (LBP). This study investigated the effects of different foot placements and load-releasing locations on trunk biomechanics under an unexpected sudden loading event. Fifteen subjects experienced sudden release of a 6.8-kg external load from symmetric or asymmetric directions while maintaining four different foot placements. The results showed that subjects experienced on average 4.1° less trunk flexion, 6.6 Nm less L5/S1 joint moment and 32.0 N less shear force with staggered stance with the right foot forward (the most preferred placement) compared with wide stance (the least preferred placement). Asymmetric load-releasing positions consistently resulted in smaller impacts on trunk biomechanics than symmetric positions. The findings suggest that staggered stance and asymmetric load-holding position can be used as a protective load-handling posture against LBP caused by sudden loading.
In a work environment, unexpected sudden loading may cause low back pain (LBP). In this study, we used empirical data to demonstrate how different foot placements and load-releasing locations can be used to mitigate the impact of sudden loading on the spine and to reduce the risk of LBP.
突然的意外负重已被确定为与工作相关的下背痛（LBP）的风险因素。本研究调查了在意外突然负重事件下，不同足部放置和负荷释放位置对躯干生物力学的影响。15 名受试者在保持四种不同足部放置的情况下，从对称或不对称方向经历了 6.8 公斤外部负荷的突然释放。结果表明，与宽站位（最不喜欢的站位）相比，交错站位（右脚在前，最常选择的站位）使躯干前屈减少了平均 4.1°，L5/S1 关节力矩减少了 6.6Nm，剪切力减少了 32.0N。不对称的负荷释放位置比对称位置对躯干生物力学的影响更小。研究结果表明，交错站位和不对称的负荷握持位置可作为一种保护负荷处理姿势，以防止因突然负重引起的下背痛。
在工作环境中，意外的突然负重可能会导致下背痛（LBP）。在这项研究中，我们使用经验数据来证明如何使用不同的足部放置和负荷释放位置来减轻突然负重对脊柱的影响，并降低 LBP 的风险。
