Department of Behavioral Sciences and Philosophy, University of Turku, Assistentinkatu 7, Publicum Building, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
Soc Sci Med. 2013 Sep;93:64-9. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.06.004. Epub 2013 Jun 20.
Drug use and sex work are both controversial issues with multiple interesting connections. This article presents findings from the first-ever survey on drug use and sex work in Hungary. The study aimed to chart the prevalence, function, and problems of drug use among various groups of sex workers. Survey forms were collected from 510 participants (average age 29.5 years, 91% female) in and near Budapest over a period of six months. The results show that sex workers have manifold higher lifetime prevalence, 84.3%, of illicit drug use compared with the prevalence of the Hungarian general young adult population, 20.9%. In our sample, it was very rare to perform sex work for alcohol or drugs (5%) or for money to purchase alcohol or drugs (20%). Findings also indicate notable relationships between location-based sex work types and the drugs used. One-third of the street sex workers reported regular amphetamine use, but none reported regular cocaine use. On the contrary, no escorts reported regular amphetamine use, but 38% admitted to regular cocaine use. The location of sex work may pose an additional occupational health risk factor for substance use. Regular use of alcohol was twice as typical (64%) for sex workers who were employed in bars, in salons/parlors, or alone in rented apartments than it was for those working in other indoor locations (33-34%). Furthermore, 74% of street sex workers smoked tobacco compared with 17% of escorts. Problem drug use was roughly estimated by asking the participants about the main problem domains (medical, legal, social, etc.) from the Addiction Severity Index instrument. The most problematic drug was amphetamine, and the most frequent problem was prolonged or excessive drug use. These main findings may contribute to more focused planning of health intervention services, harm reduction measures, outreach programs, and specific treatments.
药物使用和性工作都是备受争议的话题，它们之间存在着多种有趣的联系。本文呈现了首次针对匈牙利药物使用和性工作的调查结果。该研究旨在描绘不同性工作者群体中药物使用的流行率、功能和问题。在六个月的时间里，研究人员在布达佩斯及其周边地区收集了 510 名参与者（平均年龄 29.5 岁，91%为女性）的调查问卷。结果表明，性工作者终身滥用非法药物的流行率远高于匈牙利普通年轻成年人，为 84.3%，而后者的这一比例为 20.9%。在我们的样本中，很少有性工作者是为了获取酒精或毒品而从事性工作（5%），或为了购买酒精或毒品而从事性工作（20%）。研究结果还表明，性工作类型与所使用的药物之间存在显著关系。三分之一的街头性工作者报告经常使用安非他命，但没有人报告经常使用可卡因。相反，没有伴游报告经常使用安非他命，但 38%的人承认经常使用可卡因。性工作地点可能构成另一个与物质使用相关的职业健康风险因素。在酒吧、沙龙/发廊或租用公寓中工作的性工作者中，经常使用酒精的比例是在其他室内场所工作的性工作者的两倍（33%-34%）。此外，74%的街头性工作者吸烟，而伴游的这一比例为 17%。通过向参与者询问成瘾严重程度指数工具中的主要问题领域（医疗、法律、社会等），大致估计了问题药物使用的情况。最成问题的药物是安非他命，最常见的问题是药物使用时间延长或过度。这些主要发现可能有助于更有针对性地规划健康干预服务、减少伤害措施、外展计划和特定治疗。
