Martinez José Antonio, Pumarola Tomàs
Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, España.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2013 Aug-Sep;31(7):471-9. doi: 10.1016/j.eimc.2013.05.001. Epub 2013 Jul 30.
Viruses account for about 5% of all nosocomial infections. Viral cross-infection is most common in infants and children, but also occurs in other groups, including the elderly, institutionalized persons of all ages, immunecompromised hosts, and patients with underlying chronic pulmonary, renal, or cardiac disease. These infections are associated with extended length of hospital stay, as well as considerable morbidity and mortality. The new technology of rapid viral diagnosis allows a more timely and accurate recognition of viral infections, even in the smaller hospital with limited laboratory resources. Early recognition of viral diseases should, in turn, permit the introduction, and further evaluation of specific measures for their control. Influenza vaccination of health care workers is an important prevention strategy for nosocomial infection.
病毒约占所有医院感染的5%。病毒交叉感染在婴幼儿中最为常见，但在其他人群中也会发生，包括老年人、各年龄段的机构化照护人员、免疫功能低下者以及患有慢性肺部、肾脏或心脏疾病的患者。这些感染与住院时间延长以及相当高的发病率和死亡率相关。快速病毒诊断新技术能够更及时、准确地识别病毒感染，即使在实验室资源有限的小型医院也是如此。反过来，早期识别病毒性疾病应有助于采取并进一步评估控制这些疾病的具体措施。医护人员接种流感疫苗是预防医院感染的一项重要策略。
