Graman P S, Hall C B
Infectious Disease Unit, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, New York.
Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1989 Dec;3(4):815-41.
The impact of nosocomial viral disease, in terms of morbidity, mortality, and health care expenditures, should not be underestimated. Respiratory viruses, in particular, account for a substantial proportion of all nosocomial infections, especially among pediatric patients and the institutionalized elderly. The immunocompromised, very young, and chronically ill patients in hospitals are unusually vulnerable to serious viral illness. The emerging technology of rapid viral diagnosis will allow more timely and accurate recognition of viral infections, even in the smaller hospital with limited laboratory resources. Early recognition of viral diseases should, in turn, permit us to institute, and further evaluate, specific measures for their control. Appreciation of the epidemiology and transmission of these viruses will provide the framework for successful infection control strategies.
医院内病毒性疾病在发病率、死亡率和医疗保健支出方面的影响不容低估。特别是呼吸道病毒，在所有医院感染中占相当大的比例，尤其是在儿科患者和机构养老的老年人中。医院里免疫功能低下、非常年幼和慢性病患者特别容易患上严重的病毒性疾病。快速病毒诊断这项新兴技术将使人们能够更及时、准确地识别病毒感染，即使是在实验室资源有限的小型医院也是如此。尽早识别病毒性疾病进而应能让我们制定并进一步评估针对这些疾病的控制措施。了解这些病毒的流行病学和传播情况将为成功的感染控制策略提供框架。
