DNA polymerases are error-prone at RecA-mediated recombination intermediates.

Genetic studies have suggested that Y-family translesion DNA polymerase IV (DinB) performs error-prone recombination-directed replication (RDR) under conditions of stress due to its ability to promote mutations during double-strand break (DSB) repair in growth-limited E. coli cells. In recent studies we have demonstrated that pol IV is preferentially recruited to D-loop recombination intermediates at stress-induced concentrations and is highly mutagenic during RDR in vitro. These findings verify longstanding genetic data that have implicated pol IV in promoting stress-induced mutagenesis at D-loops. In this Extra View, we demonstrate the surprising finding that A-family pol I, which normally exhibits high-fidelity DNA synthesis, is highly error-prone at D-loops like pol IV. These findings indicate that DNA polymerases are intrinsically error-prone at RecA-mediated D-loops and suggest that auxiliary factors are necessary for suppressing mutations during RDR in non-stressed proliferating cells.