Philosophy Department, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Campus de Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallés, Barcelona, E-08193, Spain.
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2013 Sep;296(9):1287-96. doi: 10.1002/ar.22734. Epub 2013 Jul 31.
This article aims to describe what is it like to perceive reality when suffering from congenital anosmia. Nevertheless, this objective entails a fundamental difficulty. Since I have never had the experience of olfaction, it seems natural to me to live in a world lacking the olfactory dimension; this subjective perception is the only one I know and in consequence it is difficult to describe. For this reason, in recent years I have begun to develop long conversations with other people suffering from congenital anosmia, people who have lost their sense of olfaction in adulthood and also people with a good sense of smell. My goal is to draw a map showing the principal differences that might allow us to develop a systematic comparison. Obviously, this is not an experimental or quantitative scientific procedure, but only a modest attempt to compare personal stories about subjective experiences. It is a philosophical-literary exercise, and does not aim to be anything other than that. But I hope it will help to formulate meaningful questions, which would then need a properly scientific approach. In the first part of this article I want to try to describe how I became aware that other people could smell; and in a second part, I will try to examine the consequences of anosmia in different areas of everyday life: nourishment, relationships with people, own body perception, natural or urban environments perception, time perception, and finally aesthetic appreciation and the implications of living in a world without stench.
本文旨在描述先天性嗅觉缺失患者感知现实的体验。然而,这一目标存在一个根本性的困难。由于我从未有过嗅觉体验,所以对我来说生活在缺乏嗅觉维度的世界中是很自然的;这种主观感知是我唯一知道的,因此很难描述。出于这个原因,近年来我开始与其他患有先天性嗅觉缺失的人进行长时间的对话,这些人在成年后失去了嗅觉,也有嗅觉良好的人。我的目标是绘制一幅地图,展示可能允许我们进行系统比较的主要差异。显然,这不是一种实验或定量的科学程序,而只是一种尝试比较关于主观体验的个人故事的适度方法。这是一种哲学文学的练习,其目的也仅限于此。但我希望它能帮助我们提出有意义的问题,然后需要用适当的科学方法来解决这些问题。在本文的第一部分,我想尝试描述我是如何意识到其他人能够闻到气味的;在第二部分,我将尝试探讨嗅觉缺失在日常生活的不同领域造成的后果:营养、人际关系、自身身体感知、自然或城市环境感知、时间感知,最后是审美欣赏以及生活在没有恶臭世界的影响。