Willison Leanna N, Sathe Shridhar K, Roux Kenneth H
Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
Methods. 2014 Mar 1;66(1):34-43. doi: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.07.033. Epub 2013 Jul 31.
Allergic reactions to tree nuts are a growing global concern as the number of affected individuals continues to rise. Unlike some food allergies, tree nuts can cause severe reactions that persist throughout life. The tree nuts discussed in this review include those most commonly responsible for allergic reactions: cashew, almond, hazelnut, walnut, pecan, Brazil nut, pistachio, and chestnut. The native allergenic proteins derived from tree nuts are frequently difficult to isolate and purify and may not be adequately represented in aqueous nut protein extracts. Consequently, defined recombinant allergens have become useful reagents in a variety of immunoassays aimed at the diagnosis of tree nut allergy, assessing cross-reactivity between various nuts and other seeds, mapping of IgE binding epitopes, and analyzing the effects of the food matrix, food processing, and gastric digestion on allergenicity. This review describes the approaches that can be used for the production of recombinant tree nut allergens and addresses key issues associated with their production and downstream applications.
随着过敏个体数量持续增加，对坚果的过敏反应已成为一个日益受到全球关注的问题。与某些食物过敏不同，坚果可引发严重反应，且会伴随终生。本综述所讨论的坚果包括那些最常引发过敏反应的品种：腰果、杏仁、榛子、核桃、山核桃、巴西坚果、开心果和栗子。源自坚果的天然致敏蛋白常常难以分离和纯化，并且在水性坚果蛋白提取物中可能无法得到充分体现。因此，在旨在诊断坚果过敏、评估各种坚果与其他种子之间的交叉反应性、绘制IgE结合表位图谱以及分析食物基质、食品加工和胃消化对致敏性影响的各种免疫测定中，明确的重组过敏原已成为有用的试剂。本综述描述了可用于生产重组坚果过敏原的方法，并探讨了与其生产及下游应用相关的关键问题。
