Bastiaan-Net Shanna, Reitsma Marit, Cordewener Jan H G, van der Valk Johanna P M, America Twan A H P, Dubois Anthony E J, Gerth van Wijk Roy, Savelkoul Huub F J, de Jong Nicolette W, Wichers Harry J
Wageningen Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The
Wageningen Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2019;178(1):19-32. doi: 10.1159/000493100. Epub 2018 Oct 26.
Allergic sensitisation towards cashew nut often happens without a clear history of eating cashew nut. IgE cross-reactivity between cashew and pistachio nut is well described; however, the ability of cashew nut-specific IgE to cross-react to common tree nut species and other Anacardiaceae, like mango, pink peppercorn, or sumac is largely unknown.
Cashew nut allergic individuals may cross-react to foods that are phylogenetically related to cashew. We aimed to determine IgE cross-sensitisation and cross-reactivity profiles in cashew nut-sensitised subjects, towards botanically related proteins of other Anacardiaceae family members and related tree nut species.
Sera from children with a suspected cashew nut allergy (n = 56) were assessed for IgE sensitisation to common tree nuts, mango, pink peppercorn, and sumac using dot blot technique. Allergen cross-reactivity patterns between Anacardiaceae species were subsequently examined by SDS-PAGE and immunoblot inhibition, and IgE-reactive allergens were identified by LC-MS/MS.
From the 56 subjects analysed, 36 were positive on dot blot for cashew nut (63%). Of these, 50% were mono-sensitised to cashew nuts, 19% were co-sensitised to Anacardiaceae species, and 31% were co-sensitised to tree nuts. Subjects co-sensitised to Anacardiaceae species displayed a different allergen recognition pattern than subjects sensitised to common tree nuts. In pink peppercorn, putative albumin- and legumin-type seed storage proteins were found to cross-react with serum of cashew nut-sensitised subjects in vitro. In addition, a putative luminal binding protein was identified, which, among others, may be involved in cross-reactivity between several Anacardiaceae species.
Results demonstrate the in vitro presence of IgE cross-sensitisation in children towards multiple Anacardiaceae species. In this study, putative novel allergens were identified in cashew, pistachio, and pink peppercorn, which may pose factors that underlie the observed cross-sensitivity to these species. The clinical relevance of this widespread cross-sensitisation is unknown.
对腰果的过敏致敏反应常常在没有明确食用腰果史的情况下发生。腰果与开心果之间的IgE交叉反应已有充分描述；然而，腰果特异性IgE与常见坚果种类以及其他漆树科植物（如芒果、粉红胡椒或漆树）发生交叉反应的能力在很大程度上尚不清楚。
对腰果过敏的个体可能会对与腰果在系统发育上相关的食物产生交叉反应。我们旨在确定对腰果致敏的受试者中，针对其他漆树科家庭成员和相关坚果种类的植物相关蛋白的IgE交叉致敏和交叉反应谱。
采用斑点印迹技术评估疑似腰果过敏儿童（n = 56）的血清对常见坚果、芒果、粉红胡椒和漆树的IgE致敏情况。随后通过SDS - PAGE和免疫印迹抑制法检测漆树科物种之间的过敏原交叉反应模式，并通过LC - MS/MS鉴定IgE反应性过敏原。
在分析的56名受试者中，36名腰果斑点印迹呈阳性（63%）。其中，50%对腰果单致敏，19%对漆树科物种共致敏，31%对坚果共致敏。对漆树科物种共致敏的受试者与对常见坚果致敏的受试者表现出不同的过敏原识别模式。在粉红胡椒中，推测的白蛋白和豆球蛋白类型的种子储存蛋白在体外被发现与腰果致敏受试者的血清发生交叉反应。此外，还鉴定出一种推测的腔内结合蛋白，它可能在几种漆树科物种之间的交叉反应中起作用，等等。
结果表明儿童对多种漆树科物种存在IgE交叉致敏的体外现象。在本研究中，在腰果、开心果和粉红胡椒中鉴定出了推测的新型过敏原，这些可能是观察到的对这些物种交叉敏感性的潜在因素。这种广泛的交叉致敏的临床相关性尚不清楚。
