Fort Belvoir Community Hospital, Pulmonary/Critical Care Medicine, Fort Belvoir, Virginia, USA.
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2013 Sep;19(5):466-73. doi: 10.1097/MCP.0b013e328363f460.
The interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) frequently result in considerable disability and reduced survival in affected patients. Unfortunately, they are often poorly responsive to available therapies. Comorbidities, both pulmonary and nonpulmonary, frequently accompany ILDs and contribute to adverse outcomes.
Multiple comorbidities, including gastroesophageal reflux disease, venous thromboembolism, coronary artery disease, sleep-disordered breathing, depression, emphysema, pulmonary hypertension, and lung cancer contribute to the morbidity and mortality of fibrotic lung disease.
The identification and treatment of comorbidities may improve morbidity and potentially impact mortality in patients with ILD. A high index of suspicion and an awareness of the spectrum of comorbidities are important in optimizing outcomes in this group of patients.
间质性肺疾病（ILDs）常导致患者出现严重的残疾和生存时间缩短。不幸的是，这些疾病对现有治疗方法的反应往往不佳。ILD 常伴有肺部和非肺部的合并症，这些合并症导致不良后果。
多种合并症，包括胃食管反流病、静脉血栓栓塞、冠状动脉疾病、睡眠呼吸障碍紊乱、抑郁、肺气肿、肺动脉高压和肺癌，导致纤维性肺疾病的发病率和死亡率增加。
合并症的识别和治疗可能会改善ILD 患者的发病率，并可能影响其死亡率。对合并症的高度怀疑和对其范围的认识，对优化这组患者的预后非常重要。
