de Jonge Linda, Bos H Jens, van Langen Irene M, de Jong-van den Berg Lolkje T W, Bakker Marian K
University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Genetics, Eurocat Registration Northern Netherlands, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2014 Jan;23(1):60-8. doi: 10.1002/pds.3492. Epub 2013 Aug 3.
To describe the prescription of antibiotics before, during and after pregnancy, and the trends over a 16-year period in the Netherlands, and to determine whether they were prescribed according to national guidelines.
The IADB (http://iadb.nl) contains prescriptions dispensed by community pharmacies in the Netherlands. We extracted information on 18,873 pregnancies for 14,969 women between 1994 and 2009, focusing on antibiotics dispensed in the four trimesters before conception to two trimesters after birth (nine trimesters in total). We calculated trends in prescription rates during pregnancy and over time, and also compared the prescription of antibiotics in the Netherlands with safety category based on the Australian Drug Evaluation Committee.
During pregnancy 20.8% of the women were prescribed at least one antibiotic. The 'beta-lactam antibacterials/penicillins' group and the specific antibiotic amoxicillin were most commonly prescribed in the nine trimesters covered. The prescription rate of the 'other antibacterials' group during pregnancy increased over the years, in contrast to that of the 'sulphonamides/trimethoprim' group, which decreased. In total, 2.0% of pregnancies were exposed to a 'potentially harmful' antibiotic and 0.8% to a 'harmful' antibiotic. Compared with the period before conception, 'safe' antibiotics were prescribed more often during pregnancy than the other groups.
One in five women was prescribed at least one antibiotic during pregnancy in the Netherlands, which is comparable with rates in other European countries. Our results suggest that antibiotics appear to be prescribed to pregnant women generally in accordance with national recommendations.
描述荷兰在怀孕前、怀孕期间及产后抗生素的处方情况，以及16年间的变化趋势，并确定抗生素的处方是否符合国家指南。
孕期有20.8%的女性至少被处方了一种抗生素。在所涵盖的九个孕期中，“β-内酰胺类抗菌药/青霉素类”组及特定抗生素阿莫西林的处方最为常见。与“磺胺类/甲氧苄啶”组处方率下降相反，“其他抗菌药”组在孕期的处方率多年来呈上升趋势。总计2.0%的孕期接触了“潜在有害”抗生素，0.8%接触了“有害”抗生素。与受孕前时期相比，孕期“安全”抗生素的处方频率高于其他组。
在荷兰，五分之一的女性在孕期至少被处方了一种抗生素，这与其他欧洲国家的比例相当。我们的结果表明，抗生素在给孕妇处方时总体上似乎符合国家建议。
