McNaughton Darlene
Department of Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
Crit Public Health. 2013 Sep;23(3):274-288. doi: 10.1080/09581596.2013.766671. Epub 2013 Feb 18.
Although overweight and obesity are increasingly seen as the key 'risk factors' for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the relationship between them is complex and not well understood. There are many 'risk factors' for T2DM, including ageing, genetics, previous gestational diabetes, a family history of the disease, etc. the interplay of which is not entirely clear. While weight gain is a common symptom of T2DM and the disease appears to be more prevalent among 'obese' people, individuals from a broad range of weights (including those considered 'healthy') can develop the disease. However, in recent years, the idea that fatness is risk factor and/or central of T2DM has become increasingly prevalent and naturalized in popular, academic, and public health discourses in Australia. In these convergences, the complex etiology of the disease and limitations in current knowledge are blurred or reconstituted. To date, the potency of overweight and obesity as cultural signifiers for T2DM and its consequences has received little attention. Drawing on an analysis of government reports, journal articles, and media coverage published since 1998, this article sets out to trace and unpack some of the contours of these convergences, while recognizing their entanglement in earlier moralizing discourses, which continue to have considerable salience.
尽管超重和肥胖越来越被视为2型糖尿病（T2DM）的关键“风险因素”，但它们之间的关系很复杂，尚未得到充分理解。T2DM有许多“风险因素”，包括衰老、遗传、既往妊娠糖尿病、家族病史等，这些因素之间的相互作用尚不完全清楚。虽然体重增加是T2DM的常见症状，而且该疾病似乎在“肥胖”人群中更为普遍，但各种体重范围的个体（包括那些被认为“健康”的个体）都可能患上这种疾病。然而，近年来，肥胖是T2DM的一个风险因素和/或核心因素的观点在澳大利亚的大众、学术和公共卫生话语中越来越普遍且被视为理所当然。在这些趋同观点中，该疾病复杂的病因和当前知识的局限性被模糊或重构了。迄今为止，超重和肥胖作为T2DM文化标志及其后果的影响力很少受到关注。本文通过对自1998年以来发布的政府报告、期刊文章和媒体报道进行分析，着手追溯并剖析这些趋同观点的一些轮廓，同时认识到它们与早期道德化话语的纠缠，而这些早期话语仍然具有相当大的影响力。
