尽管荷兰已经开展了 30 年的麻疹疫苗接种工作，但麻疹仍有爆发的高风险。
High risk of a large measles outbreak despite 30 years of measles vaccination in The Netherlands.
机构信息
National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Centre for Infectious Disease Control, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
出版信息
Epidemiol Infect. 2014 May;142(5):1100-8. doi: 10.1017/S0950268813001532. Epub 2013 Aug 6.
Abstract
Our aim was to assess progress towards measles elimination from The Netherlands by studying humoral measles immunity in the Dutch population. A population-based seroepidemiological study was conducted in 2006-2007 (N = 7900). Serum samples were analysed by a bead-based multiplex immunoassay. IgG levels ⩾0·2 IU/ml were considered protective. The overall seroprevalence in the Dutch population was 96%. However, 51% of socio-geographically clustered orthodox Protestant individuals aged <10 years were susceptible. Infants might be susceptible to measles between ages 4 months and 14 months, the age at which maternal antibodies have disappeared and the first measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccination is administered, respectively. Waning of antibody concentrations was slower after the second MMR vaccination than after the first. The Netherlands is at an imminent risk of a measles outbreak in the orthodox Protestant minority. To prevent subsequent transmission to the general population, efforts to protect susceptible age groups are needed.
摘要
我们旨在通过研究荷兰人群的体液麻疹免疫来评估该国在消除麻疹方面取得的进展。2006-2007 年开展了一项基于人群的血清流行病学研究（N=7900）。采用基于珠的多重免疫测定法分析血清样本。IgG 水平 ⩾0·2 IU/ml 被认为具有保护作用。荷兰人群的总体血清阳性率为 96%。然而，51%的社会地理上聚集的正统新教徒 10 岁以下个体易感染。婴儿可能在 4 个月至 14 个月期间易患麻疹，这分别是母体抗体消失和首次接种麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹（MMR）疫苗的年龄。第二次 MMR 疫苗接种后抗体浓度下降速度比第一次慢。荷兰正面临正统新教少数群体麻疹爆发的迫在眉睫的风险。为了防止随后传播给一般人群，需要努力保护易感年龄组。
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