Collins J J, Whittle M W
Oxford Orthopaedic Engineering Centre, Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, USA; Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Clin Biomech (Bristol). 1989 Aug;4(3):179-87. doi: 10.1016/0268-0033(89)90023-5.
During normal walking, repetitive impulsive forces are introduced into the musculo-skeletal system. At heelstrike, there is a sharp irregularity in the ground reaction force, known as the heelstrike transient. As a result of experimental evidence indicating possible correlations between impulse loading and joint degeneration, research interest in heelstrike transients has intensified. This paper outlines the nature of the heelstrike transient and the use of accelerometers and force platforms for skeletal transient investigation. Attention is given to two experiments that analysed the response of the human body to the impact forces experienced during walking. The possible causative links between excessive impulsive loading and the progression of two pathological conditions-osteoarthritis and low back pain, respectively-are discussed in detail.
在正常行走过程中，重复性冲击力会作用于肌肉骨骼系统。在足跟触地时，地面反作用力会出现急剧的不规则变化，即足跟触地瞬态。由于实验证据表明脉冲负荷与关节退变之间可能存在关联，对足跟触地瞬态的研究兴趣日益浓厚。本文概述了足跟触地瞬态的性质，以及加速度计和力平台在骨骼瞬态研究中的应用。重点介绍了两项分析人体对行走过程中所受冲击力反应的实验。详细讨论了过度脉冲负荷与两种病理状况（分别为骨关节炎和腰痛）进展之间可能的因果联系。
