Alarid-Escudero Fernando, Sosa-Rubí Sandra G, Fernández Bertha, Galárraga Omar
Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Salud Publica Mex. 2013 Jul;55 Suppl 1(0 1):S23-30.
To quantify the costs and benefits of three HIV prevention interventions in migrants in Central America: voluntary counseling and testing, treatment of sexually transmitted infections, and condom distribution.
The methods were: a) identification and quantification of costs; b) quantification of benefits, defined as the potential savings in antiretroviral treatment of HIV cases prevented; and c) estimation of the cost-benefit ratio.
The model estimated that 9, 21 and 8 cases of HIV were prevented by voluntary counseling and testing, treatment for sexually transmitted infections and condom distribution per 10 000 migrants, respectively. In Panama, condom distribution and treatment for sexually transmitted infections had a return of US$131/USD and US$69.8/USD. Returns in El Salvador were US$2.0/USD and US$42.3/USD in voluntary counseling and testing and condom distribution, respectively.
The potential savings on prevention have a large variation between countries. Nevertheless, the cost-benefit estimates suggest that the HIV prevention programs in Central America can potentially result in monetary savings in the long run.
量化中美洲移民中三种艾滋病病毒预防干预措施的成本和效益：自愿咨询检测、性传播感染治疗以及避孕套发放。
方法包括：a）成本的识别与量化；b）效益的量化，定义为预防的艾滋病病毒病例在抗逆转录病毒治疗方面的潜在节省；c）成本效益比的估算。
该模型估计，每10000名移民中，通过自愿咨询检测、性传播感染治疗和避孕套发放分别预防了9例、21例和8例艾滋病病毒感染。在巴拿马，避孕套发放和性传播感染治疗的回报分别为131美元/美元和69.8美元/美元。在萨尔瓦多，自愿咨询检测和避孕套发放的回报分别为2.0美元/美元和42.3美元/美元。
各国在预防方面的潜在节省差异很大。然而，成本效益估计表明，从长远来看，中美洲的艾滋病病毒预防项目可能会带来资金节省。
