Trost Z, Scott W, Lange J M, Manganelli L, Bernier E, Sullivan M J
Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, USA.
Eur J Pain. 2014 Mar;18(3):415-23. doi: 10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00375.x. Epub 2013 Aug 5.
Perceptions of injustice are linked with poorer physical and psychological outcomes in the context of pain and injury. Violations of injustice can arise out of violations of just world belief (JWB). However, no study has yet examined whether JWB moderates the effect of justice violation on pain experience.
The current study examined the effect of an experimental justice violation on acute pain outcomes and whether JWB moderated this effect. Participants completed the JWB scale and then engaged in two cold pressor tasks (CPT). Half the participants were told that the second CPT immersion was part of standard protocol; the other half were told that the painful procedure had to be repeated due to experimenter negligence. Participants provided report of pain intensity following each CPT immersion. Video records of participants undergoing the CPT were coded for presence and duration of pain behaviour.
Exposure to the justice violation resulted in elevated pain intensity from the first to the second immersion only among participants with high JWB. For participants with low JWB and participants in the control condition, there was no significant difference in pain intensity across immersions. Control participants showed a decrease in pain behaviour from the first to the second immersion. In the negligence/ justice violation condition, reductions in pain behaviour were observed only among participants with low JWB.
Our results indicate that individuals with high JWB may show particularly adverse reactions in response to justice violations in the context of acute pain experience.
在疼痛和损伤的背景下，对不公正的认知与较差的身体和心理结果相关。不公正的侵犯可能源于对公正世界信念（JWB）的违背。然而，尚无研究考察JWB是否会调节不公正侵犯对疼痛体验的影响。
本研究考察了实验性不公正侵犯对急性疼痛结果的影响，以及JWB是否会调节这种影响。参与者完成JWB量表，然后进行两项冷压痛任务（CPT）。一半参与者被告知第二次CPT浸入是标准程序的一部分；另一半被告知由于实验者疏忽，痛苦的程序必须重复。参与者在每次CPT浸入后报告疼痛强度。对参与者进行CPT的视频记录进行编码，以记录疼痛行为的存在和持续时间。
仅在高JWB的参与者中，接触不公正侵犯导致从第一次浸入到第二次浸入时疼痛强度升高。对于低JWB的参与者和对照组参与者，各次浸入之间的疼痛强度没有显著差异。对照组参与者从第一次浸入到第二次浸入时疼痛行为减少。在疏忽/不公正侵犯条件下，仅在低JWB的参与者中观察到疼痛行为减少。
我们的结果表明，在急性疼痛体验的背景下，高JWB的个体可能对不公正侵犯表现出特别不利的反应。
