Yamada Keiko, Adachi Tomonori, Kubota Yasuhiko, Takeda Takashi, Iseki Masako
1Department of Psychology, McGill University, 2001 McGill College Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1G1 Canada.
2Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033 Japan.
Biopsychosoc Med. 2019 Jul 22;13:17. doi: 10.1186/s13030-019-0158-z. eCollection 2019.
Menstrual pain causes low quality of life among women of reproductive age, and often interferes with daily activities. Perceived injustice is a cognition linked to adverse symptoms. The aims of this study were to develop a Japanese version of the Injustice Experience Questionnaire-chronic (IEQ-chr-J), and to examine if perceived injustice is associated with pain intensity and impairment from menstruation.
We investigated 130 Japanese women (aged 20-45 years) with menstrual pain in the past 3 months using online self-administered questionnaires. We examined the psychometric properties of the IEQ-chr-J including: structural validity; internal consistency; and test-retest reliability (intra-class correlation coefficients; ICC). Concurrent validity was examined by correlations among the IEQ-chr-J, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), a numerical rating scale (NRS) for maximum/average menstrual pain, and the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) pain interference domain. We used multivariable regression analysis to investigate the association between perceived injustice and severity of menstrual pain, after excluding 10 hormone drug users.
The IEQ-chr-J showed sufficient validity and reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.96, ICC 0.75, [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.61-0.88]. Pearson's correlation coefficients for the IEQ-chr-J, PCS, HADS anxiety, HADS depression, NRS, and BPI pain interference ranged from 0.27-0.65. The IEQ-chr-J was correlated with impairment due to menstrual pain (ICC 0.36, 95% CI: 0.14-0.58), an independent diagnosis of endometriosis, anxiety, and depression, but not with maximum or average pain intensity.
The IEQ-chr-J has acceptable psychometric properties, and perceived injustice is associated with impairment from menstrual pain.
痛经会导致育龄期女性生活质量下降，并常常干扰日常活动。感知到的不公正感是一种与不良症状相关的认知。本研究的目的是开发日文版的慢性不公正经历问卷（IEQ-chr-J），并检验感知到的不公正感是否与痛经强度及痛经造成的功能损害相关。
我们使用在线自填问卷对130名过去3个月有痛经的日本女性（年龄20 - 45岁）进行了调查。我们检验了IEQ-chr-J的心理测量学特性，包括：结构效度；内部一致性；以及重测信度（组内相关系数；ICC）。通过IEQ-chr-J、疼痛灾难化量表（PCS）、医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）、最大/平均痛经数字评定量表（NRS）以及简明疼痛问卷（BPI）疼痛干扰领域之间的相关性来检验同时效度。在排除10名激素药物使用者后，我们使用多变量回归分析来研究感知到的不公正感与痛经严重程度之间的关联。
IEQ-chr-J显示出足够的效度和信度（克朗巴哈α系数 = 0.96，ICC 0.75，[95%置信区间（CI）：0.61 - 0.88]）。IEQ-chr-J、PCS、HADS焦虑、HADS抑郁、NRS以及BPI疼痛干扰之间的皮尔逊相关系数范围为0.27 - 0.65。IEQ-chr-J与痛经导致的功能损害（ICC 0.36，95% CI：0.14 - 0.58）、子宫内膜异位症的独立诊断、焦虑和抑郁相关，但与最大或平均疼痛强度无关。
IEQ-chr-J具有可接受的心理测量学特性，且感知到的不公正感与痛经造成的功能损害相关。
