Research Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychiatric Hospital, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Clinical Psychology and Epidemiology, Institute of Psychology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Depress Anxiety. 2013 Dec;30(12):1177-84. doi: 10.1002/da.22163. Epub 2013 Aug 6.
This nationwide register-based study investigates how often obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) with different age at diagnosis occur in affected families compared to control families. Furthermore, the study addresses the impact of certain risk factors, that is, sex, degree of urbanization, year of birth, and maternal and paternal age at birth.
A total of N = 2,057 child and adolescent psychiatric subjects born between 1952 and 2000 and registered in the Danish Psychiatric Central Research Register developed OCD before the age of 18. In addition, N = 6,055 controls without any psychiatric diagnosis before age 18 and matched for age, sex, and residential region were included. Psychiatric diagnoses were also obtained for the first-degree relatives as a part of the Danish Three-Generation Study. A family load component was obtained by using various mixed regression models.
OCD occurred significantly more often in case than in control families. Having a mother, father, sibling, or an offspring with the disorder was proven to be a risk factor. Maternal age above 35 years, male sex by tendency, and ascending year of birth were associated with having OCD. Furthermore, case relatives did not develop OCD earlier than control relatives. The risk of OCD in the case probands was significantly increased when first-degree family members had either OCD, or tic disorders, or affective disorders, or anxiety disorders.
These findings based on a very large and representative dataset provide further and very solid evidence for the high family aggregation of OCD.
本全国性基于登记的研究调查了与对照家族相比，不同发病年龄的强迫症（OCD）在受影响家族中出现的频率。此外，该研究还探讨了某些风险因素的影响，即性别、城市化程度、出生年份以及父母的出生年龄。
共有 2057 名儿童和青少年精神科患者出生于 1952 年至 2000 年之间，并在 18 岁之前在丹麦精神病中央研究登记处登记为 OCD。此外，还纳入了 6055 名在 18 岁之前没有任何精神科诊断的对照者，并按年龄、性别和居住地区进行了匹配。精神科诊断也是作为丹麦三代研究的一部分为一级亲属获得的。通过使用各种混合回归模型获得了家族负荷成分。
与对照家族相比，OCD 在病例家族中发生的频率明显更高。有患有该疾病的母亲、父亲、兄弟姐妹或子女被证明是一个风险因素。母亲年龄超过 35 岁、男性倾向、出生年份的上升与 OCD 的发生相关。此外，病例亲属的 OCD 发病时间并不早于对照亲属。当一级家庭成员患有 OCD、抽动障碍、情感障碍或焦虑障碍时，病例先证者患 OCD 的风险显著增加。
这些基于非常大且具有代表性的数据集的发现为 OCD 的家族聚集性提供了进一步且非常可靠的证据。
