Chase Jo-Ana D
University of Missouri, Sinclair School of Nursing, USA.
Res Theory Nurs Pract. 2013;27(1):53-80. doi: 10.1891/1541-6577.27.1.53.
Physical activity (PA) is important in the management of chronic illness among older adults worldwide. Researchers have conducted several intervention studies to increase PA behavior in this population. This review of the past 12 years of relevant PA intervention research among adults aged 60 years and older systematically summarized research findings, identified characteristics of successful interventions, and proposed areas of future research. There were 20 studies reviewed for this article, most employing a combination of cognitive-behavioral intervention design. Cognitive-based only and combination interventions were more successful in changing PA behavior; however, behavioral-based interventions demonstrated more long-term changes in PA behavior. Among theory-based interventions, self-efficacy was the most commonly operationalized construct. Findings from this review may inform future primary research to promote PA behavior among older adults, as well as gerontological clinical practice.
体育活动（PA）对于全球老年人慢性病的管理至关重要。研究人员开展了多项干预研究，以增加该人群的体育活动行为。这篇对过去12年中60岁及以上成年人相关体育活动干预研究的综述，系统地总结了研究结果，确定了成功干预措施的特点，并提出了未来研究的领域。本文共综述了20项研究，大多数采用了认知行为干预设计的组合。仅基于认知的干预和组合干预在改变体育活动行为方面更成功；然而，基于行为的干预在体育活动行为方面显示出更长期的变化。在基于理论的干预措施中，自我效能感是最常用的操作化结构。本综述的结果可为未来促进老年人体育活动行为的基础研究以及老年临床实践提供参考。
