Beres Melanie A, Senn Charlene Y, McCaw Jodee
a Department of Sociology , Gender, and Social Work, University of Otago.
J Sex Res. 2014;51(7):765-76. doi: 10.1080/00224499.2013.792327. Epub 2013 Aug 7.
The miscommunication hypothesis is the assumption that many incidents of acquaintance rape and coercive sex follow from miscommunication between men and women. This hypothesis is entrenched in popular, academic, and judicial understandings of sexual relationships. Recently some evidence has suggested that there is little miscommunication between sexual partners and that the hypothesis does not explain acquaintance rape or other forms of sexual violence. The present study used qualitative methodology in which men and women were asked to imagine themselves in a particular heterosexual dating situation and write what they think happened between the beginning (when sex was refused by one partner) and the end (when sex happened). Thematic analysis of the data found no evidence for miscommunication between partners under conditions of differences in desire. Instead, ambivalence about sexual activity was commonly described by women and men and was most often resolved to both parties' satisfaction. Coercion by men was present in a minority of narratives under conditions of clear understanding of women's refusals. The study thus provides a rich, experience-based representation of heterosexual sexual activity, with considerable potential for the development of effective education campaigns.
错误沟通假说认为，许多熟人强奸和强迫性行为事件是由男女之间的错误沟通导致的。这一假说在对性关系的大众、学术和司法理解中根深蒂固。最近有证据表明，性伴侣之间几乎不存在错误沟通，且该假说无法解释熟人强奸或其他形式的性暴力。本研究采用定性研究方法，让男性和女性想象自己处于特定的异性约会情境中，并写下他们认为从开始（一方拒绝性行为时）到结束（性行为发生时）之间发生了什么。对数据的主题分析发现，在欲望存在差异的情况下，没有证据表明伴侣之间存在错误沟通。相反，男性和女性普遍描述了对性活动的矛盾心理，且这种矛盾心理大多以双方都满意的方式得到解决。在清楚理解女性拒绝的情况下，少数叙述中存在男性的强迫行为。因此，该研究提供了一个基于丰富经验的异性性行为描述，对开展有效的教育活动具有相当大的潜力。
