Oral Biology & Medicine, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Evidence-Based Decisions Practice-Based Research Network, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
J Transl Med. 2013 Aug 8;11:184. doi: 10.1186/1479-5876-11-184.
Risk of bias in translational medicine may take one of three forms: A. a systematic error of methodology as it pertains to measurement or sampling (e.g., selection bias), B. a systematic defect of design that leads to estimates of experimental and control groups, and of effect sizes that substantially deviate from true values (e.g., information bias), and C. a systematic distortion of the analytical process, which results in a misrepresentation of the data with consequential errors of inference (e.g., inferential bias). Risk of bias can seriously adulterate the internal and the external validity of a clinical study, and, unless it is identified and systematically evaluated, can seriously hamper the process of comparative effectiveness and efficacy research and analysis for practice. The Cochrane Group and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality have independently developed instruments for assessing the meta-construct of risk of bias. The present article begins to discuss this dialectic.
A. 与测量或抽样相关的方法学系统误差（例如选择偏倚）；B. 导致实验组和对照组以及效应大小的估计值与真实值有很大偏差的设计系统缺陷（例如信息偏倚）；C. 分析过程的系统扭曲，导致数据的错误表示，从而导致推理错误（例如推断偏倚）。偏倚风险会严重影响临床研究的内部和外部有效性，如果不加以识别和系统评估，可能会严重阻碍比较有效性和疗效研究以及实践分析的进程。 Cochrane 小组和医疗保健研究与质量局（Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality）各自开发了用于评估偏倚风险的元结构的工具。本文开始讨论这个问题。
