Katsumi O, Hirose T, Okuno H, Miyanaga Y
Eye Research Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Boston, MA.
Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh). 1990 Jun;68(3):253-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.1990.tb01918.x.
We have developed a simple new method of evaluating visual function in young children about 15 to 36 months of age. Our Grating Discs system consists of six discs with a striped pattern and one homogeneous disc. One striped disc and the homogeneous disc are presented simultaneously, and the examiner observes whether the subject can discriminate between the two. The patterned discs have vertical stripes of different widths from 16 to 0.5 mm. At a testing distance of 57 cm, the visual resolution required for discriminating the grating ranges from 96 min of arc (0.01) to 3 min of arc (0.33) in one-octave steps; at a testing distance of 114 cm the required resolution ranges from 48 min (0.02) to 1.5 min (0.67). Using this system, we evaluated the visual acuity of normal infants and young children. Their ability to discriminate the finer gratings improved with increasing age, and more than 90% of the normal subjects in the 36-month group tested at 0.67. We also examined young children with known ocular pathologies and compared the results with acuity measurements obtained with the preferential looking test. The latter method gave acuities slightly better than those from the Grating Disc system, but the finding with the two techniques were generally in good agreement. Grating Discs are a simple, compact, effective tool for rapid assessment of visual function in young children.
我们开发了一种评估15至36个月大幼儿视觉功能的简单新方法。我们的光栅盘系统由六个带有条纹图案的圆盘和一个均匀圆盘组成。一个条纹圆盘和均匀圆盘同时呈现，检查者观察受试者是否能区分两者。有图案的圆盘有宽度从16毫米到0.5毫米不等的垂直条纹。在57厘米的测试距离下，区分光栅所需的视觉分辨率从96分视角（0.01）到3分视角（0.33），以一个八度音阶的步长变化；在114厘米的测试距离下，所需分辨率从48分（0.02）到1.5分（0.67）。使用该系统，我们评估了正常婴儿和幼儿的视力。他们区分更精细光栅的能力随着年龄增长而提高，36个月组中超过90%的正常受试者在0.67的测试中通过。我们还检查了已知有眼部病变的幼儿，并将结果与通过优先注视测试获得的视力测量结果进行了比较。后一种方法得出的视力略优于光栅盘系统得出的结果，但两种技术的结果总体上吻合良好。光栅盘是一种用于快速评估幼儿视觉功能的简单、紧凑、有效的工具。
