Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Department of Prosthodontics, Creighton University School of Dentistry, Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
J Prosthet Dent. 2013 Aug;110(2):82-9. doi: 10.1016/S0022-3913(13)60344-3.
Currently, no commercially available facial shade guide exists in the United States for the fabrication of facial prostheses.
The purpose of this study was to measure facial skin and lip color in a human population sample stratified by age, gender, and race. Clustering analysis was used to determine optimal color coordinates for a proposed facial shade guide.
Participants (n=119) were recruited from 4 racial/ethnic groups, 5 age groups, and both genders. Reflectance measurements of participants' noses and lower lips were made by using a spectroradiometer and xenon arc lamp with a 45/0 optical configuration. Repeated measures ANOVA (α=.05), to identify skin and lip color differences, resulting from race, age, gender, and location, and a hierarchical clustering analysis, to identify clusters of skin colors) were used.
Significant contributors to Lab* facial color were race and facial location (P<.01). b* affected all factors (P<.05). Age affected only b* (P<.001), while gender affected only L* (P<.05) and b* (P<.05). Analyses identified 5 clusters of skin color.
The study showed that skin color caused by age and gender primarily occurred within the yellow-blue axis. A significant lightness difference between gender groups was also found. Clustering analysis identified 5 distinct skin shade tabs.
目前，美国没有商业化的面部色调指南可用于制作面部假体。
本研究的目的是测量按年龄、性别和种族分层的人群样本中的面部皮肤和唇色。聚类分析用于确定拟议面部色调指南的最佳颜色坐标。
从 4 个种族/民族群体、5 个年龄组和两性中招募参与者（n=119）。使用分光光度计和氙弧灯（45/0 光学配置）对参与者的鼻子和下唇进行反射率测量。采用重复测量方差分析（α=.05），以确定种族、年龄、性别和位置导致的皮肤和唇色差异，以及层次聚类分析，以确定肤色聚类。
面部颜色的 Lab的主要贡献因素是种族和面部位置（P<.01）。b 影响所有因素（P<.05）。年龄仅影响 b*（P<.001），而性别仅影响 L*（P<.05）和 b*（P<.05）。分析确定了 5 个肤色聚类。
该研究表明，年龄和性别引起的肤色主要发生在黄-蓝轴上。还发现两性群体之间存在明显的明度差异。聚类分析确定了 5 个不同的肤色标签。
