Policy in Sports & Physical Activity Research Group, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
Res Q Exerc Sport. 2013 Jun;84(2):186-97. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2013.784724.
This article examines the contribution of the Belgian-American exercise physiologist Lucien Brouha in developing the Harvard Step Test (HST) at the'pioneering Harvard Fatigue Laboratory (HFL) during the Second World War and provides a better understanding of the importance of transnational relations concerning scientific progress.
Analysis of sources in the University Archives of the State University in Liege (Belgium), the Archives and Documentation Centre of the Sportimonium at Hofstade (Belgium), the Harvard Business School Archives at Baker Library (Cambridge, MA), the Harvard Medical School Archives at Countway Library (Cambridge, MA), and the Brouha and Shaler private family archives (Sutton, VT).
The outbreak of the Second World War shifted research at the interdisciplinary HFL toward the field of military physiology and resulted in the transfer of Brouha from Belgium to the HFL. Brouha's personal and academic experiences made him the right man in the right place to develop the HST in 1942. The HST--which has celebrated its 70th anniversary--was of immediate academic and practical significance during and after the war.
Brouha' s case demonstrates the importance of personal experiences, transnational relations, and interdisciplinary research settings for the establishment of scientific (sub)disciplines. Studying internal scientific evolutions in relation to personal and work experiences of "mobile" and therefore often "forgotten" researchers like Brouha is necessary to better understand and interpret evolutions in science and corresponding processes of academic and social mobility.
本文考察了比利时裔美国运动生理学家吕西安·布鲁哈（Lucien Brouha）在第二次世界大战期间于开创性的哈佛疲劳实验室（Harvard Fatigue Laboratory，HFL）开发哈佛台阶测试（Harvard Step Test，HST）时的贡献，并更好地理解了涉及科学进步的跨国关系的重要性。
分析列日国立大学（比利时）大学档案馆、霍夫斯塔德体育纪念博物馆（比利时）档案和文献中心、哈佛商学院贝克图书馆（马萨诸塞州剑桥）哈佛医学院康特威图书馆（马萨诸塞州剑桥）和布鲁哈和谢勒私人家庭档案（佛蒙特州萨顿）中的资料。
第二次世界大战的爆发使跨学科的 HFL 研究转向军事生理学领域，导致布鲁哈从比利时转移到 HFL。布鲁哈的个人和学术经历使他成为在 1942 年开发 HST 的合适人选。HST——已经庆祝了 70 周年——在战争期间和之后具有直接的学术和实际意义。
布鲁哈的案例表明，个人经历、跨国关系和跨学科研究环境对于建立科学（子）学科的重要性。研究与“流动”的个人和工作经历有关的内部科学发展，如布鲁哈这样的“被遗忘”的研究人员，对于更好地理解和解释科学的演变以及相应的学术和社会流动过程是必要的。
