Nordberg Joshua J, Sluder Greenfield
Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
Methods Cell Biol. 2013;114:151-62. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-407761-4.00007-5.
This chapter introduces the adjustment of digital camera settings using the tools found within image acquisition software and discusses measuring gray-level information such as (1) the histogram, (2) line scan, and (3) other strategies. The pixel values in an image can be measured within many image capture software programs in two ways. The first is a histogram of pixel gray values and the second is a line-scan plot across a selectable axis of the image. Understanding how to evaluate the information presented by these tools is critical to properly adjusting the camera to maximize the image contrast without losing grayscale information. This chapter discusses the 0-255 grayscale resolution of an 8-bit camera; however, the concepts are the same for cameras of any bit depth. This chapter also describes camera settings, such as exposure time, offset, and gain, and the steps for contrast stretching such as setting the exposure time, adjusting offset and gain, and camera versus image display controls.
本章介绍如何使用图像采集软件中的工具来调整数码相机设置，并讨论测量灰度级信息的方法，如（1）直方图、（2）线扫描和（3）其他策略。图像中的像素值可以通过许多图像捕捉软件程序以两种方式进行测量。第一种是像素灰度值的直方图，第二种是跨图像可选轴的线扫描图。了解如何评估这些工具所呈现的信息对于正确调整相机以在不丢失灰度信息的情况下最大化图像对比度至关重要。本章讨论8位相机的0-255灰度分辨率；然而，对于任何位深度的相机，这些概念都是相同的。本章还描述了相机设置，如曝光时间、偏移和增益，以及对比度拉伸的步骤，如设置曝光时间、调整偏移和增益，以及相机与图像显示控制。
