Larson E
Private Practice Pediatric Therapist; PhD Candidate, Occupational Science, University of Southern California.
Occup Ther Health Care. 1995;9(2-3):103-20. doi: 10.1080/J003v09n02_07.
The occupation of play, as mutually engaged in by parents and young children, is theorized to be central to the development of social competence. Two conceptual heuristics, Vygotsky's zone of proximal development, and Gibson's affordances, frame this examination of play's role in the child's ability to generate adaptive responses and capitalize on environmental opportunities fostering social competence. Research describing mother-child interaction during play is used to illustrate the mother's orchestration and grading of social interactions to stretch the child's emerging abilities and optimize the child's performance. Finally, the practical application of these concepts and specific strategies which occupational therapists can use to "tune" their assistance to the needs of young children and to foster their development are described.
父母与幼儿共同参与的游戏活动，从理论上讲，对社交能力的发展至关重要。两种概念性启发法，即维果茨基的最近发展区和吉布森的可供性，为考察游戏在儿童产生适应性反应及利用环境机会促进社交能力发展方面的作用提供了框架。描述游戏过程中母婴互动的研究被用来阐释母亲对社交互动的组织与分级，以拓展儿童的新能力并优化其表现。最后，阐述了这些概念的实际应用以及职业治疗师可用于根据幼儿需求“调整”其帮助并促进幼儿发展的具体策略。
