School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, UK.
Conscious Cogn. 2013 Sep;22(3):1022-40. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2013.06.010. Epub 2013 Aug 7.
A series of five experiments investigated the extent of subliminal processing of negation. Participants were presented with a subliminal instruction to either pick or not pick an accompanying noun, followed by a choice of two nouns. By employing subjective measures to determine individual thresholds of subliminal priming, the results of these studies indicated that participants were able to identify the correct noun of the pair--even when the correct noun was specified by negation. Furthermore, using a grey-scale contrast method of masking, Experiment 5 confirmed that these priming effects were evidenced in the absence of partial awareness, and without the effect being attributed to the retrieval of stimulus-response links established during conscious rehearsal.
一系列的五个实验研究了否定的潜意识处理的程度。参与者被呈现一个潜意识指令，要么选择或不选择一个伴随的名词，然后选择两个名词。通过采用主观测量来确定潜意识启动的个体阈值，这些研究的结果表明，参与者能够识别出正确的名词，即使正确的名词是通过否定来指定的。此外，通过使用灰度对比掩蔽方法，实验 5 证实了这些启动效应在缺乏部分意识的情况下得到了证明，而且这种效应并不是归因于在有意识的复习过程中建立的刺激-反应联系的检索。
