Jänsch Claire, Hare Dougal Julian
School of Psychological Sciences, University of Manchester, Zochonis Building, Brunswick Street, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
J Autism Dev Disord. 2014 Jan;44(1):111-9. doi: 10.1007/s10803-013-1855-2.
The existence of a data-gathering bias, in the form of jumping to conclusions, and links to paranoid ideation was investigated in Asperger syndrome (AS). People with AS (N = 30) were compared to a neurotypical control group (N = 30) on the Reading the Mind in the Eyes and the Beads tasks, with self-report measures of depression, general anxiety, social anxiety, self-consciousness and paranoid ideation. The AS group performed less well than the control group on the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Task with regard to accuracy but responded more quickly and tended to make decisions on the basis of less evidence on the Beads Task with 50 % demonstrating a clear 'jumping to conclusions bias', whereas none of the control group showed such a bias. Depression and general anxiety were associated with paranoid ideation but not data-gathering style, which was contrary to expectation.
本研究在阿斯伯格综合征（AS）中调查了以急于下结论形式存在的数据收集偏差以及与偏执观念的联系。将30名患有AS的人与30名神经典型对照组在“解读眼神中的心思”任务和“珠子”任务上进行比较，并采用抑郁、一般焦虑、社交焦虑、自我意识和偏执观念的自我报告测量方法。在“解读眼神中的心思”任务中，AS组在准确性方面表现不如对照组，但在“珠子”任务中反应更快，且倾向于基于更少的证据做出决策，50%的AS组表现出明显的“急于下结论偏差”，而对照组中无人表现出这种偏差。抑郁和一般焦虑与偏执观念相关，但与数据收集方式无关，这与预期相反。
