Giusti Laura, Ussorio Donatella, Salza Anna, Malavolta Maurizio, Aggio Annalisa, Bianchini Valeria, Casacchia Massimo, Roncone Rita
Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, Early Interventions University Unit, Trattamenti Riabilitativi psicosociali, Interventi Precoci, TRIP, Psychosocial Rehabilitation Treatment, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
Early Interv Psychiatry. 2018 Dec;12(6):1072-1080. doi: 10.1111/eip.12415. Epub 2017 Jan 26.
People with anxiety disorders tend to focus on unpleasant and threatening stimuli. Our aims were to evaluate: (1) the presence of paranoid ideation, and the jumping to conclusions (JTC) bias in young suffering from an anxiety disorder and (2) the effectiveness of a cognitive-behavioural intervention (CBT) to manage anxiety combined with 2 modules to reduce the JTC bias.
Psychopathology, social functioning, metacognition and the JTC bias were investigated in 60 subjects, randomly assigned to the experimental CBT group + treatment-as-usual (TAU) (n = 35) or to a wait-list group (n = 25) receiving only TAU. Each group was divided into 2 subgroups based on the score of the SCL-90 subscale paranoid ideation (high paranoid ideation, HP; low paranoid ideation, LP). The experimental group received a weekly session of a CBT for a 3-month period.
At baseline, 46.7% of our sample showed a HP and 38% showed a JTC biasAt the end of the intervention, greater effectiveness in improving anxious symptoms, paranoid ideation, interpersonal sensitivity and interpersonal relationship was reported in the experimental CBT + TAU group, with a statistically significant reduction of the JTC bias, displayed by 14.3% of the experimental group versus the 36% of the TAU group. In the same variables, greater benefits were reported for the HP experimental subgroup.
Our study suggests the gains to integrate an anxiety CBT with modules to reduce the JTC bias in subjects with paranoid ideation, which may negatively impact the course of the disease.
焦虑症患者往往会关注不愉快和具有威胁性的刺激。我们的目的是评估：（1）患有焦虑症的年轻人中偏执观念的存在情况以及草率下结论（JTC）偏差；（2）一种认知行为干预（CBT）结合两个减少JTC偏差模块来管理焦虑的有效性。
对60名受试者进行了心理病理学、社会功能、元认知和JTC偏差的调查，这些受试者被随机分配到实验性CBT组+常规治疗（TAU）组（n = 35）或仅接受TAU的等待列表组（n = 25）。根据SCL-90偏执观念分量表得分，将每组分为2个亚组（高偏执观念，HP；低偏执观念，LP）。实验组在3个月内每周接受一次CBT治疗。
在基线时，我们样本中的46.7%表现出高偏执观念，38%表现出JTC偏差。在干预结束时，实验性CBT+TAU组在改善焦虑症状、偏执观念、人际敏感性和人际关系方面显示出更大的有效性，JTC偏差有统计学意义的降低，实验组为14.3%，而TAU组为36%。在相同变量方面，HP实验亚组报告的益处更大。
我们的研究表明，将焦虑症CBT与减少JTC偏差的模块相结合对有偏执观念的受试者有益，偏执观念可能会对疾病进程产生负面影响。
