Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Trinity College Centre for Health Sciences, AMNCH, Tallaght, Dublin 24, Ireland,
Ir J Med Sci. 2014 Jun;183(2):231-40. doi: 10.1007/s11845-013-0996-9. Epub 2013 Aug 10.
There is no established safe level of alcohol consumption in pregnancy. Studies from Ireland have consistently shown lower abstention and higher binge drinking rates in pregnancy than other countries, indicating a high potential for foetal alcohol-related disorders. There has been little research on alcohol in pregnancy in primary care.
To determine the prevalence of alcohol consumption amongst pregnant women attending their GP for antenatal care, and to compare this to use in the year prior to conception.
Prospective cross-sectional study was carried out in fifteen teaching practices in the greater Dublin area. Women were recruited at their antenatal visits. Data were gathered by self-completed questionnaire in the practice, or researcher-administered telephone questionnaire. The questionnaire was based on the AUDIT, a WHO-validated data collection instrument designed for use in primary care.
Two hundred and forty valid questionnaires were returned (80 % recruitment rate). Alcohol intake and binge drinking levels were much lower during pregnancy compared to the year prior to pregnancy (p < 0.001). There was a marked reduction in the prevalence of alcohol use in pregnancy compared to previous research. Over 97 % drink no more than once a week, including almost two-thirds of women who abstain totally from alcohol in pregnancy. Non-pregnant Irish women drink alcohol more frequently, and with higher rates of binge drinking, than women of other nationalities.
Primary care is a suitable setting to research alcohol use in pregnancy. Alcohol use in pregnancy in Ireland has decreased markedly compared to previous research from this jurisdiction.
目前尚无法确定孕期安全的饮酒量。爱尔兰的研究显示，与其他国家相比，爱尔兰孕妇的完全戒酒率较低，而狂饮率较高，这表明胎儿酒精相关障碍的风险较高。在初级保健中，针对孕期饮酒问题的研究较少。
确定在接受产前保健的孕妇中饮酒的流行率，并将其与受孕前一年的饮酒情况进行比较。
在都柏林地区的 15 个教学实践中进行了前瞻性的横断面研究。在产前检查时招募了女性。数据通过在实践中自我完成的问卷或研究人员管理的电话问卷收集。问卷基于 AUDIT，这是一种经过世界卫生组织验证的、适用于初级保健的数据分析工具。
共收回 240 份有效问卷（80%的招募率）。与受孕前一年相比，孕期的饮酒量和狂饮水平明显降低（p<0.001）。与之前的研究相比，孕期饮酒的流行率明显降低。超过 97%的人每周饮酒不超过一次，包括近三分之二的孕妇在孕期完全戒酒。与其他国籍的女性相比，未怀孕的爱尔兰女性饮酒更频繁，且狂饮的比例更高。
初级保健是研究孕期饮酒问题的合适场所。与该司法管辖区之前的研究相比，爱尔兰孕期饮酒量明显减少。
