Absalan Aqeel, Pirasteh Ibrahim, Dashti Khavidaki Gholam Ali, Asemi Rad Azam, Nasr Esfahani Ali Akbar, Nilforoush Mohammad Hussein
Audiology Department, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences & Health Services, Zahedan, Iran.
Int J Otolaryngol. 2013;2013:138935. doi: 10.1155/2013/138935. Epub 2013 Jul 1.
Hearing impairment substantially affects child's ability to normally acquire the spoken language. Such negative effects create problems for the child not only in terms of communication but also in terms of achievement in school as well as social and emotional growth. The aim of this research is to study the prevalence of hearing disorders and its relationship to age and gender among primary school students of Zahedan, Iran. In this cross-sectional and descriptive analytical study, 1500 students from elementary schools were screened for hearing loss. The selection of samples was performed using multistage sampling method. Primary information was obtained through direct observation, otoscopy, and audiometric and tympanometric screenings. Data was obtained and analyzed via ANOVA test. Statistical analysis showed a significant correlation between the age and the prevalence of middle ear abnormal function. Conductive hearing loss in males and females was 8.8% and 7.1%, respectively. In addition, 1% and 0.7% of male and female students, respectively, suffered from sensorineural hearing loss. Results indicated that 20.2% of students of elementary schools in Zahedan needed medical treatment for their problems. Therefore, it is recommended that the hearing screening of school-age children should be included in annual school health programs in this region.
听力障碍严重影响儿童正常习得口语的能力。这种负面影响不仅给儿童的交流带来问题，还会影响他们在学校的成绩以及社交和情感发展。本研究的目的是调查伊朗扎赫丹小学生听力障碍的患病率及其与年龄和性别的关系。在这项横断面描述性分析研究中，对1500名小学生进行了听力损失筛查。样本选择采用多阶段抽样方法。通过直接观察、耳镜检查、听力测定和鼓室图检查获取基本信息。通过方差分析测试获取并分析数据。统计分析表明年龄与中耳功能异常患病率之间存在显著相关性。男性和女性的传导性听力损失分别为8.8%和7.1%。此外，男性和女性学生分别有1%和0.7%患有感音神经性听力损失。结果表明，扎赫丹小学20.2%的学生需要针对其听力问题进行治疗。因此，建议该地区应将学龄儿童听力筛查纳入年度学校健康计划。
