Lin Shan, Hirai Shizuka, Yamaguchi Yuko, Goto Tsuyoshi, Takahashi Nobuyuki, Tani Fumito, Mutoh Chikako, Sakurai Takanobu, Murakami Shigeru, Yu Rina, Kawada Teruo
Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Laboratory of Molecular Function of Food, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2013 Dec;57(12):2155-65. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201300150. Epub 2013 Aug 12.
It is increasingly accepted that chronic inflammation is a feature of obesity. Obesity-induced inflammation triggers enhanced recruitment of macrophages into the adipose tissue. Depending on their phenotype, macrophages can be designated either as pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages or anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. We have therefore investigated the effects of taurine, a sulfated amino acid that is abundant in seafood, on obesity-related inflammation.
In high-fat diet fed C57BL/6J mice, taurine treatment reduced the infiltration of macrophages and promoted an M2-like phenotype of macrophages in adipose tissues. In addition, taurine decreased the production of inflammatory cytokines, and suppressed the development of hyperglycemia in diet-induced obese mice. Moreover, in vitro experiments that involved bone marrow derived macrophages indicated that taurine treatment induced alternative M2 macrophage activation, and its chloride, taurine chloramines, inhibited classical M1 macrophage activation.
Our findings indicate that taurine treatment attenuates the infiltration of adipose tissue by macrophages and modulates the phenotype of macrophages, which suggest that taurine is a valuable food constituent with a potential to attenuate chronic inflammation in adipose tissue and improve obesity-related insulin resistance.
慢性炎症是肥胖的一个特征这一观点越来越被人们所接受。肥胖引发的炎症会促使更多巨噬细胞进入脂肪组织。根据其表型，巨噬细胞可分为促炎性M1巨噬细胞或抗炎性M2巨噬细胞。因此，我们研究了牛磺酸（一种在海鲜中含量丰富的硫酸化氨基酸）对肥胖相关炎症的影响。
在喂食高脂饮食的C57BL/6J小鼠中，牛磺酸处理减少了巨噬细胞的浸润，并促进脂肪组织中巨噬细胞呈现M2样表型。此外，牛磺酸降低了炎性细胞因子的产生，并抑制了饮食诱导肥胖小鼠高血糖的发展。而且，涉及骨髓来源巨噬细胞的体外实验表明，牛磺酸处理可诱导替代性M2巨噬细胞活化，其氯化物牛磺氯胺可抑制经典M1巨噬细胞活化。
我们的研究结果表明，牛磺酸处理可减轻巨噬细胞对脂肪组织的浸润并调节巨噬细胞表型，这表明牛磺酸是一种有价值的食物成分，具有减轻脂肪组织慢性炎症和改善肥胖相关胰岛素抵抗的潜力。
