Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
Chemosphere. 2013 Nov;93(9):2055-62. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.07.038. Epub 2013 Aug 12.
The attenuation of bulk organic matter and trace organic contaminants (TOrCs) was evaluated for various aquifer recharge and recovery (ARR)-ozone (O3) hybrid treatment process combinations using soil-batch reactor and bench-scale ozonation experiments as a proof of concept prior to pilot and/or field studies. In water reclamation and especially potable reuse, refractory bulk organic matter and TOrCs are of potential health concern in recycled waters. In this study, the role of biotransformation of bulk organic matter and TOrCs was investigated considering different simulated treatment combinations, including soil passage (ARR) alone, ARR after ozonation (O3-ARR), and ARR prior to ozonation (ARR-O3). During oxic (aerobic) ARR simulations, soluble microbial-like substances (e.g., higher molecular weight polysaccharides and proteins) were easily removed while (lower molecular weight) humic substances and aromatic organic matter were not efficiently removed. During ARR-ozone treatment simulations, removals of bulk organic matter and TOrCs were rapid and effective compared to ARR alone. A higher reduction of effluent-derived organic matter, including aromatic organic matter and humic substances, was observed in the ARR-O3 hybrid followed by the O3-ARR hybrid. An enhanced attenuation of recalcitrant TOrCs was observed while increasing the ozone dose slightly (O3: DOC=1). TOrC removal efficiency also increased during the post-ozone treatment combination (i.e., ARR-O3). In addition, the carcinogenic wastewater disinfection byproduct N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) was eliminated below the method reporting limit (<5 ng L(-1)) both during ARR treatment alone and the ARR-ozone hybrid.
采用土壤批式反应器和中试规模臭氧化实验，在进行中试和/或现场研究之前，作为概念验证，评估了各种含水层补给和恢复（ARR）-臭氧（O3）混合处理工艺组合对大量有机物和痕量有机污染物（TOrCs）的衰减效果。在水的再利用中，尤其是在饮用水的再利用中，再生水中的难处理的大量有机物和 TOrCs 对健康具有潜在的关注。在这项研究中，考虑了不同模拟处理组合，包括单独的生物转化（ARR）、臭氧化后（O3-ARR）的 ARR 和臭氧化前（ARR-O3）的 ARR，研究了大量有机物和 TOrCs 的生物转化作用。在好氧（需氧）ARR 模拟过程中，容易去除可溶微生物样物质（例如，高分子量多糖和蛋白质），而（低分子量）腐殖质和芳香有机物则不能有效去除。在 ARR-臭氧化处理模拟过程中，与单独的 ARR 相比，大量有机物和 TOrCs 的去除快速且有效。在 ARR-O3 混合之后，观察到 O3-ARR 混合中，包括芳香有机物和腐殖质在内的出水衍生有机物的还原量更高。当略微增加臭氧剂量（O3：DOC=1）时，观察到难处理的 TOrCs 的衰减增强。在臭氧处理组合（即 ARR-O3）之后，TOrC 的去除效率也有所提高。此外，在单独的 ARR 处理和 ARR-臭氧混合中，致癌废水消毒副产物 N-亚硝基二甲胺（NDMA）被消除至低于方法报告限（<5ngL(-1))。
