Whitehead Paul N, Schilling Brian K, Stone Michael H, Kilgore J Lon, Chiu Loren Z F
1Department of Health and Sport Sciences, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee; 2East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee; 3University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, Scotland; and 4University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
J Strength Cond Res. 2014 Mar;28(3):587-91. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182a73e5a.
This study analyzed the top 3 successful snatch attempts by individual lifters in each weight class at a U.S. National Championship weightlifting meet. Two-dimensional (2-D) body position and characteristics of the lifts were compared via 2D video analysis in groups of lifters who displaced forward, showed no displacement, or displaced backward to receive the bar. No significant group differences (p > 0.05) were noted for body mass, bar mass, or hip angle. The rearward displacement group had a significantly greater horizontal distance between the shoulder and heel at the end of the pull (determined as the point where the bar ceases to accelerate vertically). Hip angles for the no displacement group had a small-to-moderate effect size (0.50) in comparison to the forward displacement group, but they only showed a small effect size (0.17) when compared with the rearward displacement group. The forward displacement group showed a small-to-moderate effect size compared with both the no displacement group (0.51) and the rearward displacement group (0.55) concerning the horizontal distance from the shoulder to the heel. These data seem to suggest that rearward displacement in the drop-under phase in the snatch is not detrimental to performance and actually seems to be a preferred technique in U.S. national level lifters. In addition to evidence that rearward displacement is exhibited in elite lifters and is coached globally, it seems this is the preferred technique in international competitions. This technique may be considered a viable variation of the snatch by coaches and athletes of all levels.
本研究分析了美国全国举重锦标赛各体重级别中每位举重运动员的前三次成功抓举尝试。通过二维视频分析，比较了向前位移、无位移或向后位移以接住杠铃的举重运动员组的二维身体姿势和举重特点。在体重、杠铃质量或髋角方面未发现显著的组间差异（p>0.05）。向后位移组在提拉结束时（定义为杠铃垂直方向停止加速的点）肩部与脚跟之间的水平距离明显更大。与向前位移组相比，无位移组的髋角效应大小为小到中等（0.50），但与向后位移组相比，其效应大小仅为小（0.17）。在从肩部到脚跟的水平距离方面，向前位移组与无位移组（0.51）和向后位移组（0.55）相比，效应大小为小到中等。这些数据似乎表明，抓举下蹲阶段的向后位移对成绩并无不利影响，实际上在美国国家级举重运动员中似乎是一种更受欢迎的技术。除了有证据表明精英举重运动员会出现向后位移且全球范围内都有教练指导外，在国际比赛中这似乎也是首选技术。各级教练和运动员可将这种技术视为抓举的一种可行变体。
