Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, SS 554, Km 4.5, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2013 Oct;60:471-8. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.08.009. Epub 2013 Aug 12.
The salted-semidried mullet ovary product, bottarga, is a Mediterranean food rich in n-3 PUFA EPA and DHA. We studied and compared the effects on cell viability, sensitivity to the anti-tumor drug 5-fluorouracil, and lipid composition, in colon cancer Caco-2 cells after 24 h incubation with oils and hydrophilic extracts obtained from two bottarga samples stored at different conditions. The cellular absorption of bottarga lipids was assessed in cancer cells by the evaluation of lipid accumulation in cytoplasmic lipid droplets by fluorescence microscopy. Bottarga oil showed a significant in vitro inhibitory effect on the growth of cancer Caco-2 cells and the ability to potentiate, at non-toxic concentration, the growth inhibitory effect of 5-fluorouracil. Moreover, bottarga oil induced in cancer Caco-2 cells marked changes in fatty acid composition, with a significant accumulation of the n-3 PUFA EPA and DHA, and cytoplasmic lipid droplet formation. Also bottarga hydrophilic extract, characterized by means of ¹H NMR spectroscopy, exhibited a reduction in cancer cell viability, without affecting cell lipid profile. Cell cholesterol levels were unmodified by all treatments. The results showed interesting anti-tumor properties of bottarga lipids, and qualify this fish product as a food with nutraceutical properties and potential benefits in colon cancer prevention.
盐渍半干鲻鱼卵巢制品，即意大利干酪，是一种富含 n-3PUFA EPA 和 DHA 的地中海食品。我们研究并比较了两种不同贮藏条件下的意大利干酪亲水性提取物和油在孵育 24 小时后对结肠癌细胞 Caco-2 活力、对肿瘤药物 5-氟尿嘧啶敏感性和脂质组成的影响。通过荧光显微镜评估细胞质脂滴中脂质积累，评估了癌细胞对意大利干酪脂质的细胞吸收。意大利干酪油在体外对结肠癌 Caco-2 细胞的生长具有显著的抑制作用，并能在非毒性浓度下增强 5-氟尿嘧啶的生长抑制作用。此外，意大利干酪油诱导结肠癌 Caco-2 细胞的脂肪酸组成发生显著变化，显著积累 n-3PUFA EPA 和 DHA，并形成细胞质脂滴。此外，通过 ¹H NMR 光谱鉴定的意大利干酪亲水性提取物也表现出降低癌细胞活力的作用，而不影响细胞脂质谱。所有处理均未改变细胞胆固醇水平。结果表明，意大利干酪油具有有趣的抗肿瘤特性，使这种鱼产品具有营养特性和预防结肠癌的潜在益处。
