Dip. Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, SS 554, Km 4.5, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2012 Oct;50(10):3799-807. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.07.003. Epub 2012 Jul 15.
Cynomorium coccineum L. is a non-photosynthetic plant, spread over Mediterranean countries, amply used in traditional medicine. We investigated the composition and effect on intestinal Caco-2 cell viability and lipid profile of fixed oil obtained from dried stems of the plant. Oil isolation has been performed by supercritical fractioned extraction with CO2. 13C NMR spectroscopy has been used to study the molecular composition of oil lipids; fatty acid composition was identified using GC and HPLC techniques. The fixed oil was composed mainly by triacylglycerols and derivates. The main fatty acids were 18:1 n-9 (38%), 18:2 n-6 (20%), 16:0 (15%), and 18:3 n-3 (10.8%). The oil showed a significant in vitro inhibitory effect on the growth of colon cancer undifferentiated Caco-2 cells. Moreover, cell viability, lipid composition, and lipid peroxidation were measured in intestinal epithelial cells (differentiated Caco-2 cells) after 24 h incubation with fixed oil. The oil did not show a toxic effect on colon epithelial cell viability but induced a significant change in fatty acid composition, with a significant accumulation of the essential fatty acids 18:3 n-3 and 18:2 n-6. The results showed remarkable biological activity of Maltese mushroom oil, and qualify it as a potential resource for food/pharmaceutical applications.
锁阳是一种非光合作用植物，分布在地中海国家，在传统医学中被广泛使用。我们研究了从植物干燥茎中获得的固定油的组成和对肠道 Caco-2 细胞活力和脂质谱的影响。油的分离是通过超临界分馏 CO2 萃取来进行的。13C NMR 光谱用于研究油脂质的分子组成；使用 GC 和 HPLC 技术鉴定脂肪酸组成。固定油主要由三酰基甘油和衍生物组成。主要脂肪酸为 18:1 n-9（38%）、18:2 n-6（20%）、16:0（15%）和 18:3 n-3（10.8%）。该油对未分化的结肠癌细胞 Caco-2 的体外生长具有显著的抑制作用。此外，在固定油孵育 24 小时后，测量了肠上皮细胞（分化的 Caco-2 细胞）中的细胞活力、脂质组成和脂质过氧化。该油对结肠上皮细胞活力没有毒性作用，但会引起脂肪酸组成的显著变化，必需脂肪酸 18:3 n-3 和 18:2 n-6 显著积累。结果表明，锁阳油具有显著的生物活性，使其成为食品/药物应用的潜在资源。
