Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2013 Sep;74(5):664-73. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2013.74.664.
Rates of alcohol dependence are elevated in women with eating disorders who engage in binge eating or compensatory behaviors compared with women with eating disorders who do not report binge eating or compensatory behaviors and with healthy controls. Alcohol dependence, binge eating, and compensatory behaviors are heritable; however, it is unclear whether a shared genetic liability contributes to the phenotypic association among these traits, and little information exists regarding this shared liability in men. We investigated genetic and environmental correlations among alcohol dependence, binge eating, and compensatory behaviors in male and female twins.
Participants included 5,993 same- and opposite-sex twins from the Australian Twin Registry who completed a modified version of the Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism that assessed lifetime alcohol dependence and binge eating as defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Revised. Compensatory behaviors were assessed via a general health questionnaire in women only. Biometrical twin models estimated genetic and environmental influences on alcohol dependence, binge eating, and compensatory behaviors.
In women, the multivariate twin model suggested that additive genetic and nonshared environmental effects influenced alcohol dependence, binge eating, and compensatory behaviors, with heritability estimates ranging from 38% to 53%. The best-fitting sex-limitation model was a common effects model that equated all genetic and nonshared environmental influences in men and women. The heritability estimates were 50% and 38% for alcohol dependence and binge eating, respectively. Overall, there were significant genetic correlations between alcohol dependence and binge eating, alcohol dependence and compensatory behaviors, and binge eating and compensatory behaviors.
These findings indicate that common genetic factors may underlie the vulnerability to alcohol dependence and the liability to binge eating and compensatory behaviors.
与不报告暴食或代偿行为且与健康对照相比，患有饮食失调且存在暴食或代偿行为的女性中，酒精依赖的发生率更高。酒精依赖、暴食和代偿行为是可遗传的；然而，尚不清楚共同的遗传易感性是否有助于这些特征之间的表型关联，并且关于男性中这种共同易感性的信息很少。我们研究了男性和女性双胞胎中酒精依赖、暴食和代偿行为之间的遗传和环境相关性。
参与者包括来自澳大利亚双胞胎登记处的 5993 对同性别和异性别双胞胎，他们完成了酒精遗传半结构化评估的修改版，该评估评估了终生酒精依赖和暴食，如《精神障碍诊断和统计手册》第三版修订版所述。代偿行为仅通过女性一般健康问卷进行评估。生物测量双胞胎模型估计了遗传和环境对酒精依赖、暴食和代偿行为的影响。
在女性中，多变量双胞胎模型表明，加性遗传和非共享环境因素影响酒精依赖、暴食和代偿行为，遗传率估计值在 38%到 53%之间。最佳拟合的性别限制模型是一个共同效应模型，它在男性和女性中平等化了所有遗传和非共享环境的影响。酒精依赖和暴食的遗传率估计值分别为 50%和 38%。总体而言，酒精依赖和暴食、酒精依赖和代偿行为以及暴食和代偿行为之间存在显著的遗传相关性。
这些发现表明，共同的遗传因素可能是导致酒精依赖易感性和暴食和代偿行为倾向的原因。
