Department of Biomolecular Sciences; Urbino University ''Carlo Bo''; Urbino, Italy.
Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Fondamenti; Urbino University ''Carlo Bo''; Urbino, Italy.
Epigenetics. 2013 Oct;8(10):1023-9. doi: 10.4161/epi.26026. Epub 2013 Aug 15.
Disorders of human communication abilities can be classified into speech and language disorders. Speech disorders (e.g., dyspraxia) affect the sound generation and sequencing, while language disorders (e.g., dyslexia and specific language impairment, or SLI) are deficits in the encoding and decoding of language according to its rules (reading, spelling, grammar). The diagnosis of such disorders is often complicated, especially when a patient presents more than one disorder at the same time. The present review focuses on these challenges. We have combined data available from the literature with an in silico approach in an attempt to identify putative miRNAs that may have a key role in dyspraxia, dyslexia and SLI. We suggest the use of new miRNAs, which could have an important impact on the three diseases. Further, we relate those miRNAs to the axon guidance pathway and discuss possible interactions and the role of likely deregulated proteins. In addition, we describe potential differences in expressional deregulation and its role in the improvement of diagnosis. We encourage experimental investigations to test the data obtained in silico.
人类交流能力障碍可分为言语障碍和语言障碍。言语障碍（如运动障碍）影响声音的产生和排序，而语言障碍（如阅读障碍和特定语言障碍或 SLI）则是根据语言规则（阅读、拼写、语法）进行编码和解码的缺陷。这些障碍的诊断通常很复杂，尤其是当患者同时存在多种障碍时。本综述重点介绍了这些挑战。我们将文献中可用的数据与计算机模拟方法相结合，试图确定可能在运动障碍、阅读障碍和 SLI 中起关键作用的假定 microRNA。我们建议使用新的 microRNA，这可能对这三种疾病产生重要影响。此外，我们将这些 microRNA 与轴突导向途径相关联，并讨论可能的相互作用和可能失调蛋白的作用。此外，我们还描述了表达失调的潜在差异及其在改善诊断中的作用。我们鼓励进行实验研究，以检验计算机模拟中获得的数据。
