Lima Alexandre, Bakker Jan
Rev Bras Ter Intensiva. 2011 Sep;23(3):341-51.
Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive technique that allows determination of tissue oxygenation based on spectro-photometric quantitation of oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin within a tissue. This technique has gained acceptance as a tool to monitor peripheral tissue perfusion in critically ill patient. NIRS principle is based on the use of near-infrared electromagnetic waves for qualitative and quantitative assessments of molecular factors related to tissue oxygenation. Although this technique can be apllied in any tissue, it is primarily used for monitoring peripheral oxygenation in the muscle. Parameters that are determined using NIRS can be either directly calculated or can be derived from physiological interventions, such as arterial and venous occlusions methods. Information regarding muscle oxygen saturation, muscle oxygen consumption and regional blood flow can therefore be obtained. Clinical applications of NIRS include peripheral oxygenation monitoring during resuscitation of trauma and septic shock as well as the assessment of regional microcirculatory disorders. This review provides a brief discussion of NIRS basic principles and main clinical uses of this technique, with a specific focus on studies that assess the usefulness of NIRS in intensive care and emergency patients.
近红外光谱（NIRS）是一种非侵入性技术，可基于对组织内氧合血红蛋白和脱氧血红蛋白的分光光度定量来测定组织氧合。该技术已被认可为监测重症患者外周组织灌注的一种工具。NIRS原理基于使用近红外电磁波对与组织氧合相关的分子因素进行定性和定量评估。尽管该技术可应用于任何组织，但主要用于监测肌肉中的外周氧合。使用NIRS确定的参数既可以直接计算得出，也可以从诸如动脉和静脉闭塞法等生理干预措施中推导得出。因此，可以获得有关肌肉氧饱和度、肌肉氧消耗和局部血流的信息。NIRS的临床应用包括在创伤和感染性休克复苏期间监测外周氧合以及评估局部微循环障碍。本综述简要讨论了NIRS的基本原理和该技术的主要临床用途，特别关注评估NIRS在重症监护和急诊患者中有用性的研究。
