School of Geography, CLES, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9EZ, UK,
Ambio. 2013 Nov;42(7):852-63. doi: 10.1007/s13280-013-0430-6. Epub 2013 Aug 15.
Climate change is projected to have a strongly negative effect on water supplies in the arid mountains of South America, significantly impacting millions of people. As one of the poorest countries in the region, Bolivia is particularly vulnerable to such changes due to its limited capacity to adapt. Water security is threatened further by glacial recession with Bolivian glaciers losing nearly half their ice mass over the past 50 years raising serious water management concerns. This review examines current trends in water availability and glacier melt in the Bolivian Andes, assesses the driving factors of reduced water availability and identifies key gaps in our knowledge of the Andean cryosphere. The lack of research regarding permafrost water sources in the Bolivian Andes is addressed, with focus on the potential contribution to mountain water supplies provided by rock glaciers.
气候变化预计将对南美洲干旱山区的水资源供应产生强烈的负面影响，这将严重影响数百万人。作为该地区最贫穷的国家之一，玻利维亚由于适应能力有限，特别容易受到此类变化的影响。冰川退缩进一步威胁到水安全，过去 50 年，玻利维亚冰川失去了近一半的冰量，这引起了人们对水资源管理的严重关注。本综述考察了玻利维亚安第斯山脉地区目前的水资源供应和冰川融化趋势，评估了减少水资源供应的驱动因素，并确定了我们对安第斯冰原知识的关键差距。解决了玻利维亚安第斯山脉多年冻土水源研究的缺乏问题，并重点研究了岩冰河对山区水资源供应的潜在贡献。
